[1]
Mohammed Al-Khashali, Department of Animal Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
The study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary salt on the survival rate, salty tolerability and efficiency of ionic exchange in the gills through account the number and percentage of chloride cells in the gill filaments of goldfish Carassius auratus. Fish at average weight of 24.5 + 2.2 g were fed for a period of sixty days on four diets (represented four treatments) with different ratios of sodium chloride salt, a 1, 3, 5 and 7% and the first treatment (1% salt) represented control, and then the fish suddenly exposed to five concentrations of salt is 0.1 (tap water), 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/liter to study the survival rates and calculate the lethal concentration of salt that kills the half number of fish (LC50). The results showed a positive impact of salt feeding to raise the survival rate of goldfish after exposed to salt concentrations of 0.1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/liter, especially in treatments II (3% salt) and third (5% salt) compared with the control treatment (1% salt) and fourth treatment (7% salt), and the lethal concentration of half number of gold fish (LC50) during a period of 96 hours reached 10.80, 14.20,13.15 and 11.75g/l in the dietary salt treatments1, 3, 5 and 7% NaCl, respectively. The results also showed that salt feeding led to increase the numbers and percentages of chloride cells which responsible for the process of active transport and ionic pumping in the gills, as the number of the chloride cells reached 4.98, 5.12, 7.28 X 105/g of scraped section from the epithelial layer of the gill filaments in the salt diets 3, 5 and 7% salt respectively, compared with the number in the control treatment which amounted to 2.48 X 105/g of scraped section. The percentages of chloride cells of the total cells were 8.82, 8.96 and 10.22% in the salt diets 3, 5 and 7% salt compared with the control treatment, which amounted to 6.74% of the total cells. Results concluded that salt feeding of goldfish have had an important role in increasing the efficiency of ion exchange mechanism and activate the ionic pump in the gills and increase the survival rate, and then improve the ability of salt tolerance in fish trial.
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