The Mechanisms of Adverse Pregnancy Effects Caused by Toxoplasma gondii Infection
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Yanhua Wang, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Importantly, it is an important biological factor that affects human prenatal and postnatal care. Approximately half of pregnant women who are infected with T. gondii, with or without clinical symptoms, develop a maternal-fetal vertical infection, leading to miscarriage and stillbirth and causing congenital fetal defects or malformations (morphological malformations and functional mental retardation). In terms of animal husbandry, infected pregnant animals, especially sheep, also suffer miscarriage. One of the major negative impacts of toxoplasmosis in sheep is related to the treatment cost after disease outbreak and the direct loss due to animal death; there are indirect losses caused by poor productivity and reproductive disorders. This article reviews the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the adverse pregnancy effects caused by T. gondii infection.
T. gondii, Adverse Pregnancy, Pathogenetic Mechanisms
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