The Investigation of Periwinkle Shell-Rice Husk Composite as a Replacement for Granite in Concrete
[1]
F. N. Orji, Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, College of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umudike, Nigeria.
[2]
C. C. Egwuonwu, Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Owerri, Nigeria.
[3]
S. N. Asoegwu, Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Owerri, Nigeria.
This research work involves the investigation of periwinkle-rice composite as a replacement for granite in concrete. Characterization of the rice husk, and periwinkle shells were determined and compared. The percentage replacement was 0%:100%, 20%:80%, 40%:60%, 60%:40%, 80%:20% and 100%:0% and the mix adopted were 1:2:1
for the first treatment (control) and 1:1:1
for the second treatment. Compressive strength tests were carried out on the periwinkle-rice husk and granite concrete cubes. Concrete cubes with periwinkle-rice husk as coarse aggregate were lighter with low compressive strengths compared to the normal weight concrete. The results revealed that the specific gravity of rice husk, periwinkle shells and granite were 1.35, 1.48 and 2.54. The average bulk density of the periwinkle shells, rice husk and crushed granite were 1550 kg/m
3, 430 kg/m
3 and 2490 kg/m
3 respectively. From the slump test, the periwinkle-rice composite is not workable because the cubes gave a harsh mix, lower amount of superplasticizer agent would be needed to facilitate extremely high water reduction, high flowability as well as internal cohesiveness in the concrete cubes. The 35-day compressive strength test for both mixes 1:2:1
and 1:1:1
shows that the concrete mix of 1:2:1
gave the highest strength. However, there was a gain in compressive strength in the ratio 80% periwinkle: 20% rice husk with value 12.37N/mm
2 for 1:1:1
since its value is within the specified grade of 15N/mm
2 for Grade 15 light weight concrete. From this study, it can be concluded that periwinkle-rice husk can be used as a light weight concrete for the replacement of granite in concrete.
Periwinkle, Rice Husk, Compressive Strength, Granite, Concrete, Superplasticizer
[1]
Umoh, A. A. and Olusola, K. O. (2012). Effect of Different Sulphate Types and Concentrations on Compressive Strength of Periwinkle Shell Ash Blended Cement, International Journal of Engineering and Technology IJET-IJENS 12(5):10-17.
[2]
Kumar, S. P; Kumar, S. C; Yuvaraj, P; kumar, M. B and Mohan, J. K Er. (2016). A Partial Replacement for Coarse Aggregate by Sea Shell and Cement by Lime in Concrete, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR); 2(5):1131-1136.
[3]
Ettu, L. O; Ibearugbulem, O. M; Ezeh, J. C and Anya, U. C (2013). A Reinvestigation of the Prospects of Using Periwinkle Shell as Partial Replacement for Granite in Concrete, International Journal of Engineering Science Invention, 2(3):54-59.
[4]
Falade, F; Ikponmwosa, E. E. and Ojediran N. I. (2010). Behaviour of Lightweight Concrete containing Periwinkle Shells at Elevated Temperature, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 5(4): 379–390.
[5]
Acheampong, A; Adom-Asamoah, M; Ayarkwa, J and Afrifa, R. O (2013). Comparative Study of the Physical Properties of Palm Kernel Shells Concrete and Normal Weight Concrete in Ghana, Journal of Science and Multidisciplinary Research. 5(1):129-146.
[6]
Johnson, A. U; Baig, A. A and Mohdzamin, B. J (2013). “Utilization of Oil Palm Kernel Shell as Lightweight Aggregate in Concrete-A Review”, Construction and Building Materials, 38:161-172.
[7]
Fakirov, S. (2013). Nono./microfibrillar Polymer-Polymer and Single Polymer Composites: The converting instead of adding concept; Composites Science and Technology. 89:211-225.
[8]
Tomas,U and Ganiron, Jr. (2013). Effects of Rice Hush as Substitute for Fine Aggregate in Concrete Mixture, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology 58(3):29-40.
[9]
Obilade, I. O (2014). “Experimental Study on Rice Husk as Fine Aggregates in Concrete”, International Journal of Engineering and Engineering Science (IJES); 8(3): 9-14.
[10]
Amaziah, W. O; Idongesit U. F and Theodore, A. I. (2013). Exploratory Study of Crushed Periwinkle Shell as Partial Replacement for Fine Aggregates in Concrete, Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS) 4(6):823-827.
[11]
Umoh, A. A. and Olusola, K. O. (2012). Effect of Different Sulphate Types and Concentrations on Compressive Strength of Periwinkle Shell Ash Blended Cement, International Journal of Engineering and Technology IJET-IJENS 12(5):10-17.
[12]
Umoh, A. A and Ujene, O. A. (2015). Improvement of the Strength Performance of High Volume Periwinkle Shell Ash Blended Cement Concrete with Sodium Nitrate as Accelerator, Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology. 6(2):18-22.
[13]
Oyedepo, O. J and Olukanni, E. O. (2015) Experimental Investigation of the Performance of Palm Kernel Shell and Periwinkle Shell as Partial Replacement for Coarse Aggregate in Asphaltic Concrete, Journal of Building Material and Structure; 2:33-40.
[14]
Adesina, A. A (2012). Unlocking the Potential of Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa: Nigerian’s Transformation Agenda for Agriculture; Abuja, Nigeria. Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.
[15]
Olamide, O and Oyawale, F. A (2012). Characterization of Rice Husk via Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for Optimal Silica Production, International Journal of Science and Technology, 2(4):210-213.
[16]
Sellakkannu, N and Tamilarasan (2016). Feasibility Study on lightweight Aggregates in Concrete- A Review, International Journal for Scientific Research and Development. 3(12):230-234.
[17]
Ahlawat, D and Kalurkar, L. G (2013). Coconut Shell as Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 4(6):12-16.
[18]
Reddy, B. D; Jyothy, S. A and Shaik, F (2014). Experimental Analysis of the Use of Coconut Shell as Coarse Aggregate, Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 10(6):6-13.
![](https://www.facebook.com/dialog/feed?app_id=234362743428066&link=http://www.openscienceonline.com/journal/archive2?journalId=705&paperId=3458&redirect_uri=http://www.openscienceonline.com/journal/archive2?journalId=705&paperId=3458&display=popup&name=The Investigation of Periwinkle Shell-Rice Husk Composite as a Replacement for Granite in Concrete&description=This research work involves the investigation of periwinkle-rice composite as a replacement for granite in concrete. Characterization of the rice husk, and periwinkle shells were determined and compared. The percentage replacement was 0%:100%, 20%:80%, 40%:60%, 60%:40%, 80%:20% and 100%:0% and the mix adopted were 1:2:1<img src=http://article.openscienceonline.com/journal/705/7050206/images0001.jpg style="border:0;"/> for the first treatment (control) and 1:1:1<img src=http://article.openscienceonline.com/journal/705/7050206/images0001.jpg style="border:0;"/> for the second treatment. Compressive strength tests were carried out on the periwinkle-rice husk and granite concrete cubes. Concrete cubes with periwinkle-rice husk as coarse aggregate were lighter with low compressive strengths compared to the normal weight concrete. The results revealed that the specific gravity of rice husk, periwinkle shells and granite were 1.35, 1.48 and 2.54. The average bulk density of the periwinkle shells, rice husk and crushed granite were 1550 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, 430 kg/m<sup>3</sup> and 2490 kg/m<sup>3</sup> respectively. From the slump test, the periwinkle-rice composite is not workable because the cubes gave a harsh mix, lower amount of superplasticizer agent would be needed to facilitate extremely high water reduction, high flowability as well as internal cohesiveness in the concrete cubes. The 35-day compressive strength test for both mixes 1:2:1<img src=http://article.openscienceonline.com/journal/705/7050206/images0001.jpg style="border:0;"/> and 1:1:1<img src=http://article.openscienceonline.com/journal/705/7050206/images0001.jpg style="border:0;"/> shows that the concrete mix of 1:2:1<img src=http://article.openscienceonline.com/journal/705/7050206/images0001.jpg style="border:0;"/> gave the highest strength. However, there was a gain in compressive strength in the ratio 80% periwinkle: 20% rice husk with value 12.37N/mm<sup>2</sup> for 1:1:1<img src=http://article.openscienceonline.com/journal/705/7050206/images0001.jpg style="border:0;"/> since its value is within the specified grade of 15N/mm<sup>2</sup> for Grade 15 light weight concrete. From this study, it can be concluded that periwinkle-rice husk can be used as a light weight concrete for the replacement of granite in concrete.)
