Geomorphology and Geology of the Dhaka City Corporation Area-an Approach of Remote Sensing and GIS Technique
[1]
Shahtaj Karim, Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[2]
Kazi Munsura Akther, Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[3]
Mahmuda Khatun, Department of Geological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh.
[4]
Reshad Md. Ekram Ali, Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Dhaka the capital of Bangladesh is situated in the central part of the country. It is one of the fastest growing cities of the world. As a result important geomorphic features are continuously obstructing day by day. Although most of the parts of the Dhaka city have already been developed but people influx from exterior are rapidly increasing each day. As a result Dhaka city is not only expanding horizontally it is expanding vertically also. City dwellers will go to enjoy lots of fly over and metro rail in near future which will also increase in future. Geomorphology as well as geology of an area plays an important role to proper urban planning as well as disaster preparedness directly or indirectly. Geomorphological and geological knowledge based aerial photo interpretation maps have prepared by remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. For generating a proper geomorphological and geological map, aerial photographs of 1954 have been used to get previous detail information and IKONOS of 2011 images have been used to get recent information. On the basis of landforms, its genesis, evolution and morphodynamics, the area is mapped into two broad geomorphic units as Fluvio-tidal/Alluvial/Depositional landforms and Erosional/Denudational landforms. Depositional landform is further divided into several units as meander channel, natural levee, point bar, channel bar, lateral bar, back swamp, swamp/depression, flood plain, shallow alluvial gully, deep alluvial gully and valley/abandoned channel where erosional landform is separated as upper Madhupur Terrace, lower Madhupur Terrace, Madhupur slope and gully head. Geological information of the study area gained by auger hole and SPT (Standard Penetration Test) boring, then lithological characteristics of each unit have been observed and the area is broadly classified into two geologic formations like Holocene deposits and Pleistocene deposits which have again divided into number of geologic units on the basis of geomorphological appearance and sediment characteristics.
Geomorphology, Geology, Remote Sensing, Aerial Photo, Satellite Image
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