Socio-economic and Environmental Impact of Climate Change in the Gum Belt of North Kordofan, Sudan
[1]
Awad Elkarim Suliman Osman Khalifa, Department of Desertification Studies, Institute of Gum Arabic Research and Desertification Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobied, Sudan.
[2]
Elamin Sanjak Mohammed, Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
[3]
Muneer Elyas Siddig Eltahir, Department of Extension, Training and Documentation, Institute of Gum Arabic Research and Desertification Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobied, Sudan.
[4]
Abdelatief Hassan Ibrahim, Department of Agricultural Economic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
[5]
Osman Esaid Adlan Abdelkareem, Department of Gum Arabic Research, Institute of Gum Arabic Research and Desertification Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobied, Sudan.
[6]
Hatim Mohamed Ahmed Elamin, Department of Gum Arabic Research, Institute of Gum Arabic Research and Desertification Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobied, Sudan.
[7]
Mohamed Eltom Elhaja, Department of Desertification Studies, Institute of Gum Arabic Research and Desertification Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobied, Sudan.
The broad objective of this research is to study the socio-economic impact of climate change in the gum Arabic belt of North Kordofan state. Moreover the research is intended to investigate farmers’ perception on climate change and variability, identify indicators of climate change and the consequences of climate change on production systems. The primary data was collected through face-to-face interview with 140 farmers, group discussions with key informants, and observations. A random sample of respondents was selected from six villages in Bara locality. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test, normalized rain fall and temperature anomalies analysis. The main findings of the research are the indicators of climate change as perceived by the respondents; frequent drought cycles (99.3%), erratic nature of rains (91%), dust storms (74.1%), increase of temperature (67%), and an increase of wind speed (63.6%). These indicators are consistent with the analysis of meteorological data. T-test analysis for crop productivity before ten years and the last year (2015) revealed significant reduction at (p> 0.05) in the yield of the agricultural crops (Millet, sorghum, sesame, and Roselle). T-test analysis for the last year (2015) and before ten years indicated a significant decline at (p>0.05) for; areas of A. senegal gardens, A. senegal stocking density, gum production and income from gum Arabic. The impacts of climate change on livestock are represented in deterioration of range lands (80.7%), animal mortality (72.9%) and changing of stock structure (2.1%). The main conclusion drawn from this study is that climate change is recognized as a challenge for the sustainable livelihood of local communities in the study area, and this necessitates the intervention of the different governmental institutions to enhance the locally driven adaption options of local communities.
Climate Change, Farmer Perception, Gum Belt, North Kordofan
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