The Incidence of Multidrug Resistance in Some Selected Gram Negative Clinical Isolates
[1]
Esther Ugonma Akomolafe, Department of Biological Sciences, Oduduwa University Ipetumodu, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria.
[2]
Abdulwasiu Temitope Olayiwola, Department of Biological Sciences, Oduduwa University Ipetumodu, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria.
[3]
Joyce Titilayo Ogidan, Department of Biological Sciences, Oduduwa University Ipetumodu, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria.
The increase and widespread in the incidence or multidrug resistant pathogens is a major reason to be concerned as this could lead to the possible re-emergence of some diseases that have been controlled over the years. This study was aimed at assessing the incidence of multidrug resistance in selected Gram negative isolates obtained from Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Osun state. A total of forty (40) isolates were obtained from medical microbiology laboratory of the above hospital and of these, Twenty (20) were confirmed as Klebsiella spp., Eight (8) as E. coli, and twelve (12) as Pseudomonas species from morphological and cultural appearance on selective media, Gram staining and biochemical identification on Microbact 24E. The antibiotic resistance pattern of the identified isolates was investigated using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, while the incidence of multidrug resistance was determined as described by as those isolates that are resistant to at least one agent in at least three classes of antibiotics tested. It can be deduced from the result of this study that eleven of the twenty (55%) Klebsiella spp tested, eight of the twelve (66.6%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, four of the eight (50%) E. coli isolates were seen to be resistance to three or more classes of the antibiotic tested and this qualifies them to be regarded as multi-drug resistance (MDR) isolates. From the class of antibiotics tested Klebsiella spp shows 85%, 82%, 40%, and 32% resistance to the Beta-lactams, floroquinolones, Nitrofurans and Aminoglycoside respectively. E. coli isolates also shows 80%, 62%, 50% and 37% resistance to the Beta-lactams, floroquinolones, Aminoglycosides and Nitrofurans respectively while 66% of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were resistance to both the Beta-lactams and floroquinolones, 75% to Nitrofurans, Interestingly, 50% were resistance to Aminoglycosides which is regarded as the first line drug for the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The result of this study revealed that the incidence of multidrug resistance is high A higher resistance was observed in P. aeruginosa in comparison to the resistance level in E. coli and Klebsiella spp. These Multidrug resistant Bacteria are implicated in nosocomial infections resulting in costly treatment prolonged stay in the hospital.
Incidence, Multi-Drug Resistance, Isolates, Resistance, Antibiotic
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