Antibiotic Susceptibility of Conjunctival Microflora of Cataract Patients Prior to Surgery in Wukari LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria
The eye harbours bacteria that make up its indigenous flora. These bacteria are capable of causing diseases when they lose co-dependence and co-regulation with the host. The ocular bacterial flora of one hundred cataract patients submitted for surgery were studied. At least 72 hours prior to sample collection, patients were placed on topical application of amethocaine. Conjunctival swabs were collected from each of the cataractous eyes and cultured aerobically on Blood, MacConkey, and Nutrient agar. Bacterial isolates were then subjected to antibiotic sensitivity testing to discern antibiotic susceptibility and resistance patterns. Of the 100 patients submitted for surgery, 60% were males while 40% were females while their ages ranged from 4 – 90. Of the 134 eyes sampled, only 62 (46.3%) were culture sensitive. Of the 111 bacterial isolates recovered from the 62 culture sensitive samples, 83 (74.8%) were coagulase negatives Staphylococcus, 17 (15.3%) were Staphylococcus aureus, 7 (6.3%) were Corynebacteriumspp while 4 (3.6%) were Streptococcus spp. The bacterial isolates recovered showed little resistance to Ampiclox (6.2%) and Amoxil (8.7%), some showed intermediate susceptibility to Chloramphenicol (3.1%), while 100% susceptibility were discovered for the other tested antibiotics. The importance of these organisms, especially those showing resistance and intermediate susceptibility to antibiotics, in the pathogenesis of post-cataract surgery complications is worrisome. Hence, good knowledge of ocular bacterial flora of healthy individuals and patients is important in maintaining good eyesight as well as choosing antibiotic for prophylaxis of post-cataract complications.
Cataract Surgery, Prophylaxis, Antibiotic Sensitivity, Co-dependence, Bacterial Flora
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