Proximate Composition and Fatty Acid Profile of the Seeds of <i>Andrographis paniculata</i>

Adeniyi Adeyeye; Gentle Akinwumi Akinnuoye; Olatunde Abayomi Akinyode

doi:7440312

Dry samples of Andrographis paniculata seeds were collected from a home garden in Osogbo, Southwest Nigeria for analysis. Oil extraction was done by Soxhlet method. Proximate composition and fatty acid profile of the seeds and the seed oil respectively were determined using standard methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The proximate composition was found as follows: moisture – 4.35%, crude fat – 12.50%, crude protein – 18.25%, crude fibre – 6.45%, ash – 3.55%, and carbohydrate – 54.30%. The most abundant unsaturated fatty acids were linoleic, oleic, arachidonic and linolenic acids in that order while lauric, stearic, palmitic, caprylic and capric acids were the most abundant saturated ones, also in that order. The order of abundance of the more prominent fatty acids is linoleic > oleic > lauric > stearic > arachidonic > linolenic > palmitic. The unsaturated fatty acids (59.91%) predominated the saturated ones (40.09%), and equally, there was a significant level of essential fatty acids in the oil sample. The percentage total poly-unsaturated fatty acids (39.00%) was greater than that of total mono-unsaturated (20.99%). The high level of poly-unsaturated fatty acids in the oil sample is an advantage as these are essential in the diet of man. The good total unsaturated/saturated (or P/S) ratio of the oil makes it to be very nutritionally useful if adopted for domestic purposes.

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