Therapeutic Effects of Olive Leaf Extract or Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Against Skin Damage Induced in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Gamma Radiation
Aim of the work: This study investigate the pathological changes on the level of skin tissue in albino rate after exposure to gamma radiation and the potential protective effect of olive leaf extract and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Material and methods: This study was done on 40 adult male albino rats. The rats were equally separated into four groups; (C group: control rats), (R group: rats exposed to a single dose of gamma-radiation(3 Gy)), (RO group: rats of this group treated with olive extract 15 mg /kg body weight/daily for one week before and for one week after irradiation) and (RS group: rats of this group irradiated with 3Gy then treated with BMSCs (3×106 cells/ml suspension) through caudal vein about 5h post radiation exposure). After that, rats were scarified, tissue samples were collected, histopathological and histochemical changes were studied. Results: Rats expose to gamma radiation showed various histological and histochemical pathological changes. When olive leaf extract or BMSCs treatment was used, these pathological changes were markedly decreased. BMSCs showed more obvious therapeutic effect than olive leaf extract. Conclusion: This study revealed that olive leaf extract and BMSCs have radiotherapeutic effects on skin tissue against gamma radiation.
Albino Rats, Radiation, Olive, Skin, Gamma Radiation, BMSCs, Histology
[1]
Sprung CN, Chao M, Leong T, McKay MJ (2005): Chromosomal radiosensitivity in two cell lineages derived from clinically radiosensitive cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res., 11: 6352–6358.
[2]
Huber R, Braselmann H, Geinitz H, Jaehnert I, Baumgartner A, Thamm R, Figel M, Molls M, Zitzelsberger H (2011): Chromosomal radiosensitivity and acute radiation side effects after radiotherapy in tumour patients–a follow-up study. Radiat Oncol., 6:32.
[3]
Tabarraei1 Y, Bakhshandeh Z, Behrouzkia Z, Peirouvi T, Pourissa M, Asghari M, Dehghan MH, Refahi S and Ghamami G (2014): Short-term changes ixcn histopathological markers of irradiated rat's lung: preliminary study. RJPBCS., 5(3): 307-315.
[4]
Alizadeh E, Orlando TM and Sanche L (2015): Biomolecular damage induced by ionizing radiation: The direct and indirect effects of low-energy electrons on DNA. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 66: 379-398.
[5]
Kalpana KB, Devipriya N, Thayalan K and Menon VP (2010): Protection against X-ray radiation-induced cellular damage of human peripheral blood lymphocytes by an aminothiazole derivative of dendrodoine. Chem. Biol. Interact., 186: 267–274.
[6]
Mansour HH (2006): Protective role of carnitine ester against radiation-induced oxidative stress in rats. Pharmacol. Res., 54: 165–171.
[7]
Tominaga H, Kodama S, Matsuda N, Suzuki K and Watanabe M (2004): Involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the induction of genetic instability by radiation. J. Radiat. Res., 45: 181–188.
[8]
Sharma N K (2013): Modulation of radiation-induced and mitomycin C-induced chromosome damage by apigenin in human lymphocytes in vitro. J. Radiat. Res., 54: 789–797.
[9]
Prasad N-R, Menon V-P, Vasudev V and Pugalendi KV (2005): Radioprotective effect of sesamol on gamma-radiation induced DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants levels in cultured human lymphocytes. Toxicology, 209: 225–235.
[10]
Qian L, Cao F, Cui J, Wang Y, Huang Y, Chuai Y, Zaho L, Jiang H and Cai J (2010): The potential cardioprotective effects of hydrogen in irradiated mice. J. Radiat. Res., 51: 741–747.
[11]
Zhang L and Chan C (2010): Isolation and enrichment of rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and separation of single-colony derived MSCs. s. JOVE., 37: 1-4.
[12]
Lei Z, Yongda L, Jun M, Yingyu S, Shaoju Z, Xinwen Z and Mingxue Z (2007): Culture and neural differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Cell Boil. Int., 31(9): 916-923.
[13]
Everson J (2013): Unexpected benefits of olive leaf extract. Life extension magazine. On Line, Google, june 2013. WWW.lifeextension.com\magazine
[14]
Waterman E and Lockwood B (2007): Active components and clinical applications of olive oil. Altern. Med. Rev., 12(4): 331-342.
[15]
Hamdi HK and Castellon R (2005): Oleuropein, a non-toxic olive material is an anti-tumor agent and cytoskeleton disruptor. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 334(3): 769-778.
[16]
Omar SH (2010): Oleuropein in olive and its pharmacological effects. Sci. Pharm., 78 (2): 133-154.
[17]
Visioli F, Poli A and Galli C (2002): Antioxidant and other biological activities of phenols from olives and olive oil. Med. Res. Rev., 22: 65–75.
[18]
Andreadou I, Iliodromitis EK, Mikros E, Constantinou M, Agalias A, Magiatis P, Skaltsounis AL, Kamber E, Tsantili-Kakoulidou A and Kremastinos DT (2006): The olive constituent oleuropein exhibits anti-ischemic, antioxidative, and hypolipidemic effects in anesthetized rabbits. J. Nutr., 136: 2213–2219.
[19]
Marchetti C, Clericuzio M, Borghesi B, Cornara L, Ribulla S, Gosetti F, Marengo E and Burlando B (2015): Oleuropein-nriched olive leaf extract affects calcium dynamics and impairs viability of malignant mesothelioma cells. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015: 1-9.
[20]
Mohammadi J and Naik PR (2008): Evaluation of hypoglycemic effect of Morus alba in an animal model. Indian J. Pharmacol., 40(1):15-18.
[21]
Alirezaei M, Dezfoulian O, Kheradmand A, Neamati Sh, Khonsari A and Pirzadeh A (2012): Hepatoprotective effects of purified oleuropein from olive leaf extract against ethanol-induced damages in the rat. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, Shiraz University, 13 (3): 218-226.
[22]
Abdel AzizMT, AttaaHM, MahfouzS, FouadHH, RoshdyNK, AhmedHH, Rashed LA, SabryD, HassounaAA and HasanNM (2007): Therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on experimental liver fibrosis. Clin.Biochem., 40 (12): 893–899.
[23]
Bancroft J and Gamble A (2008): Theory and Practice of Histology Techniques. 6th ed., Churchill Livingstone. New York and London, pp: 83-92.
[24]
Jagetia, GC. (2007): Radioprotective potential of plants and herbs against the effects of ionizing radiation. J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr., 40:74-81.
[25]
Kunwar, A., Bansal, P., Kumar, SJ., Bag, PP., Paul, P., Reddy, ND., Kumbhare, LB., Jain, VK., Chaubey, RC., Unnikrishnan, MK., and Priyadarsini, KI. (2010): In vivo radioprotection studies of 3,3'-diselenodipropionic acid, a selenocystine derivative. Free Rad. Biolo. Medic., 48: 399–410.
[26]
Saada, HN., Ussama, ZS., Mahdy, AM. (2003): Effectiveness of Aloe vera on the antioxidant status of different tissue in irradiated rats.J. Pharmazie., 58:1.
[27]
Azab, KhSh. (2007): Modulation of radiation injuries in rats receiving multiple doses of Aloe Vera. Egypt. J. Rad. Sci. and Applic., 20:17-28.
[28]
Ammar, AA. (2009): Evaluation of the protective role of wheat germ oil in irradiated rats. Isotope Rad. Res., 41: 911-920.
[29]
El-Masry, FS and Saad, TM. (2005): Role of selenium and vitamin E in modification of radiation disorders inmale albino rats: Isotope Rad. Res.37., 5: 1261-1273.
[30]
Agarwal, A., and Kale, RK. (2001): Radiation induced oxidative damage: mechanisms and significance. Ind.J. Exp. Boil., 39: 291–309.
[31]
Mrcillo, MA., Rucandio, MI., Santamaria, J. (2000): Effect of gamma irradiation and lipid peroxidation in rats. Cell Mol. Biol., 92: 337.
[32]
Won, HJ., Sehwan, S., Taejun, W., Yeoreum, Y., Won-Suk, J., Jae, KM., Sunhoo, P., Ki, HK. (2016): In vivo characterization of early stage radiation skin injury in a mouse model by two-photon microscopy. Scientific RepoRts., 6:19216., DOI: 10.1038/srep19216.
[33]
Andreadou, I.., Iliodromitis, EK., Mikros, E., Constantinou, M., Agalias, A., Magiatis, P., Skaltsounis, AL., Kamber, E., Tsantili-Kakoulidou, A., and Kremastinos, DT. (2006): The olive constituent oleuropein exhibits anti-ischemic, antioxidative, and hypolipidemic effects in anesthetized rabbits. JNutr., 136: 2213–2219.
[34]
Visioli, F., Poli, A., Galli, C. (2002): Antioxidant and other biological activities of phenols from olives and olive oil. Med. Res. Rev., 22: 65–75.
[35]
Ding, J., Hori, K., Zhang, R. (2011). Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (sdf-1) and its receptor cxcr4 in the formation of postburn hypertrophic scar (hts). Wound Repair Regen., 19: 568–578.
[36]
Jackson WM, Nesti LJ, Tuan RS. (2012). Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for attenuation of scar formation during wound healing. Stem Cell Res Ther., 3:20.
[37]
Landry, Y., Le, O., Mace, KA. (2010). Secretion of sdf-1alpha by bone marrow-derived stromal cells enhances skin wound healing of c57bl/6 mice exposed to ionizing radiation. J Cell Mol Med., 14: 1594–1604.
[38]
Heo, SC., Jeon, ES., Lee, IH. (2011). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-activated human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells accelerate cutaneous wound healing through paracrine mechanisms. J Invest Dermatol., 131: 1559–1567.
[39]
Lataillade JJ, Doucet C, Bey E. (2007). New approach to radiation burntreatment by dosimetry-guided surgery combined with autologous mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Regen Med., 2: 785–794.
[40]
Akita, S., Akino, K., Hirano, A. (2010). Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for cutaneous radiation syndrome. Health Phys., 98:858–862.
[41]
Agay. D., Scherthan. H., Forcheron. F. (2010). Multipotent mesenchymal stem cell grafting to treat cutaneous radiation syndrome: Development of a new minipig model. Exp Hematol., 38: 945–956.
[42]
Suvik, A and Effendy AWM (2012): Staining in collagen evaluation in wound healing study. Malaysian J.Vet. Res., 3(1): 39-47.
[43]
Ni S, Wang D, Qiu X, Pang L, Song Z and Guo K (2015): Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells protect against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rat by activating Nrf2 signaling. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol., 8(7): 7752-7761.
[44]
Suman S, Rodriguez OC, Winters TA, Fornace Jr AJ, Albanese C and Datta K (2013): Therapeutic and space radiation exposure of mouse brain causes impaired DNA repair response and premature senescence by chronic oxidant production. AGING., 5 (8): 607-622.
[45]
Ferlini C, D’Amelio R, and Scambia G (2002): “Apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation. The biological basis of radiosensitivity,” Subcellular Biochemistry, 36: 171–186.
[46]
Damasceno DC, Netto AO, Lessi IL, Gallego FQ, Corvino SB, Dallaqua B, Sinzato YK, Bueno A, Calderon IMP and Rudge MVC (2014): Streptozotocin- induced diabetes models: pathophysiological mechanisms and fetal outcomes. Bio. Med. Research International, 2014: 819065-819076.
[47]
Carluccio MA, Siculella L, Ancora MA, Massaro M, Scoditti E, Storelli C, Visioli F, Distante A and DeCaterina R (2003): Olive oil and red wine antioxidant polyphenols inhibit endothelial activation: antiatherogenic propertiesof Mediterranean diet phytochemicals. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 23(4): 622-629.
[48]
Burt R, Loh Y, Pearce W, Beohar N, Barr WG, Craig R, Wen Y, Rapp JA and Kessler J (2008): Clinical application of blood derived and marrow derived stem cells for nonmalignant diseases. J. A. M. A., 299(8): 935-936.
