Welcome to Open Science
Contact Us
Home Books Journals Submission Open Science Join Us News
The Application of Chi-square Method in the Relationship Between Categories of Housing Units and Ethnicity at the Federal Housing Estate Benin City
Current Issue
Volume 4, 2016
Issue 1 (February)
Pages: 1-5   |   Vol. 4, No. 1, February 2016   |   Follow on         
Paper in PDF Downloads: 65   Since Mar. 2, 2016 Views: 1566   Since Mar. 2, 2016
Authors
[1]
Isiwele A. J., Department of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria.
[2]
Aikpehae A. M., Department of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria.
[3]
Adamolekun M. O., Department of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This article determines the application of the chi-square test as a statistical too to examine the relationship between categories of housing unit and ethnicity at the Federal Housing Estate in Benin City, Nigeria. It adopted the use of primary method of data collection by visiting the estate for data collections on ethnicity using randomly sampling. The data collected were then subjected to chi-square test, to test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference between the various categories of occupants in the state and ethnicity. The study showed that there is no significant difference (p>0.05) between the various categories of occupants and ethnicity. The study recommends the use of computer program statistical product and service solution (SPSS) to save time and remove the tediousness of the manual statistical method.
Keywords
Chi-square Test, Housing, Ethnicity, Benin City
Reference
[1]
Acevedo-Garcia D. and Lochner K. A. (2003). Residential segregation and health. In: Kawachi I, Berkman LF, eds. Neighborhoods and Health. New York: Oxford University Press; 265---287.
[2]
Agbadudu A. B, (1994). Statistics for Business and Social, Uri Publishing Ltd Benin City.
[3]
Agbonifoh B. A and Yomere G. O, (1999). Research methodology in the Social Sciences and Education, University Press, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
[4]
Akeju, A. A. (2007). Challenges to Providing Affordable Housing in Nigeria, Being a paper presented at the 2nd Emerging Urban African International Conference on Housing Finance in Nigeria held at the Shehu Yar’adua Center Abuja.
[5]
Buddenhagen C. (2003). The Right to Housing, Human Education Association.
[6]
Cortes A., Herbert C. E., Wilson E. and Clay E. (2007). Factors affecting Hispanic homeownership: a review of the literature. Cityscape; 9(2):53---90.
[7]
Cutler D. M., Lleras-Muney A. and Vogl T. (2008). Socioeconomic status and health: dimensions and mechanisms. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working paper 14333.
[8]
Eni C. M. (2014a). Evaluation of residents’ perception of design and construction factors of public housing estates in Awka and Onitsha, Nigeria. Civil and Environmental Research; Vol.6, No.8, 130-146.
[9]
Eni, C. M. (2014b). Evaluation of Occupants’ Perception of Public Housing Estates in Awka and Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria An Unpublished Dissertation. Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Anambra State, Nigeria.
[10]
Farmer M. M. and Ferraro K. F. (2005). Are racial disparities in health conditional on socioeconomic status? Soc Sci Med; 60(1):191---204.
[11]
Kahn J. R. and Fazio E. M. (2005). Economic status over the life course and racial disparities in health. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci; 60(spec no. 2):76---84.
[12]
Kolawale Y. (2009). Local Funds Inadequate for Housing Development in the Financial Vanguard. September 7, 2009, Vanguard.
[13]
Kothari C. R. (2004). Research methodology: methods and techniques (second revised edition), new age international publishers New Delhi.
[14]
Momoh L. R. (2005). Statistics for Environmental and Social Sciences, Esay-Way Computers/Printing, 103, New lagos Road, New Benin, Benin City.
[15]
Obadan M. I (2013), Research process, report writing and referencing, Goldmark press limited, 9A, Ada Street off Edo Street, Ugbowo Benin City, Nigeria.
[16]
Obeng-Odoom, F. (2009.) Has the Habitat for Humanity Housing Scheme Achieved its Goal? A Ghanaian Case Study. Journal Housing and the Built Environment. (24), 67-84.
[17]
Sengupta, U. and Sharma, S. (2008). No Longer Sukumbasis: Challenges in Grassroots –Led Squatter Resettlement Programme in Kathmandu with special reference to Kirtipur Housing Project. Habitat International. (33), 34-44.
[18]
Shapiro TM. (2006). Race, homeownership and wealth. Wash Univ J Law Policy; 20(53): 53---74.
[19]
Silverman R. and Patterson K.L. (2011). The four horsemen of the fair housing apocalypse: a critique of fair housing policy in the USA. Crit Sociol; 38(1): 123---140.
[20]
Uji Z. A. (2009). Tools and instruments of research in design in Allied Discipline. lchejum publications, plot 7127E Branch, Road, Jos, Nigeria.
[21]
Williams D. R. and Collins C. (2001). Racial residential segregation: a fundamental cause of racial disparities in health. Public Health Rep; 116(5): 404.
[22]
Williams D. R. and Mohammed S.A. (2009). Discrimination and racial disparities in health: evidence and needed research. J Behav Med; 32(1): 20---47.
Open Science Scholarly Journals
Open Science is a peer-reviewed platform, the journals of which cover a wide range of academic disciplines and serve the world's research and scholarly communities. Upon acceptance, Open Science Journals will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download.
CONTACT US
Office Address:
228 Park Ave., S#45956, New York, NY 10003
Phone: +(001)(347)535 0661
E-mail:
LET'S GET IN TOUCH
Name
E-mail
Subject
Message
SEND MASSAGE
Copyright © 2013-, Open Science Publishers - All Rights Reserved