Corresponding States Correlations of Supercritical-Point Parameters and Acentric Factor of Alkali Metals
The Corresponding States Principle (CSP) has a significant role in the estimation of thermophysical properties of fluids. It manifests the existence of a universal relation between the dimensionless parameters of fluids. The original two-parameter CSP can be applied only to spherical molecules. Introduction of a third parameter in the original two-parameter CSP enhances the scope of CSP to include fluids whose fields deviate from spherical symmetry. The central problem in the use of CSP lies in the choice of the physically realistic characteristic parameters of substances. To extend the CSP to molecular fluids, the nonspherical nature of molecules is taken into account through the acentric factor of substances. The CSP may also be augmented with the supercritical-point parameters. In this respect, CSP based correlations between the supercritical-point parameters and the acentric factor are relevant. Alkali metals exhibit considerable uniformity when their thermodynamic properties are expressed in a suitable dimensionless form. Microscopically, it implies that the form of the intermolecular potential is the same. Hence, the CSP based study if alkali metals is significant. This work deals with a CSP based study on the correlations of the supercritical-point parameters and the acentric factor of cesium, rubidium and potassium. These correlations are established through a generalized van der Waals equation of state. This three- parameter equation differs from the known van der Waals equation of state by the modified expression for molecular pressure. Moreover, cesium, rubidium and potassium are found to obey the single-parameter law of corresponding states, with the reduced suprercritical parameters or the acentric factor as the thermodynamic similarity parameter.
Acentric Factor, Alkali Metals, Corresponding States Principle, Quasispinodal, Supercritical Parameters
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