Reliability and Validity of Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire for Community Pharmacies in Dodoma Municipality, Tanzania
[1]
Tumbwene E. Mwansisya, Department of Public Health, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania.
[2]
Gwantwa C. M. Mwansisya, Department of Pharmacy, Mirembe Psychiatric Consultant Hospital, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of patient satisfaction questionnaire (PSQ) for pharmaceutical care in community pharmacies in Tanzanian population. Method: Reliability was studied by means of sub-scales’ internal consistency as estimated by Cronbach’s alpha (α). Five relevant satisfaction dimensions were identified from PSQ. A moderate internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α) = 0.7 was found for these dimensions, suggesting to be acceptable. Construct validity was assessed by using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factory analysis (CFA). The CFA was performed using generalized least squares estimation to compare the current and the original 5-factor model of the scale, model fit is acceptable if x2/df < 2, adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI)>0.9, comparative fit index (>0.9, goodness-of-fit index (GFI) > 0.9, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)<0.04, and incremental fit index (IFI) > 0.9. Results: The questionnaire with 15 items was having a mean total score of 21.80 (5.969) with reliability as measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.7 for the total scale. Also the analysis of PSQ revealed five important construct dimensions including knowledge on medications, customer care, information sharing and education, monitoring the progress, and monitoring the outcome. The indexes for CFA were as follows: model fit (x2/df<0.001), CFI) = 1, GFI=1, and RMSEA=.208. Conclusion: The observed evidence of PSQ validation has provided acceptable reliability, internal structural validity, and content validity that agree with other studies that reported close similar psychometric properties. Therefore, the instrument is appropriate for application in assessment of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical care in the community pharmacies.
Community Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Care, Satisfaction, Questionnaire, Reliability, Validity
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