Welcome to Open Science
Contact Us
Home Books Journals Submission Open Science Join Us News
A Mini-Review on the Role of Kidney in Glucose Homeostasis in Normal and in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Issue
Volume 2, 2015
Issue 5 (October)
Pages: 68-72   |   Vol. 2, No. 5, October 2015   |   Follow on         
Paper in PDF Downloads: 29   Since Sep. 19, 2015 Views: 1539   Since Sep. 19, 2015
Authors
[1]
Shivagovindan K. P., Department of Biochemistry, Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Melmaruvathur, TN, India.
[2]
Saleem B., Department of Biochemistry, Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Melmaruvathur, TN, India.
[3]
Sathish Kumar M., Department of Physiology, Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Melmaruvathur, TN, India.
[4]
Manopriya T., Department of Physiology, Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Melmaruvathur, TN, India.
[5]
Sheriff D. S., Department of Biochemistry, Melmaruvathur Adhiparasakthi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Melmaruvathur, TN, India.
[6]
Omer Sheriff S., Faculty of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abstract
It is proven today that kidney both utilizes, forms and releases glucose in the post absorptive state. Therefore, role of kidney assumes greater significance in overall glucose metabolism in the fedand starve state. The studies elucidating the role of kidney in blood glucose homeostasis is opened up new avenues of looking for drugs to control blood glucose level in Diabetes. 1-2 The kidney acts as a dual organ with respect to glucose metabolism-renal medulla is mainly involved in glucose utilization and the cortex for glucose formation and release. Renal medulla is rich in enzymes phosphorylating glucose and glycolytic enzymes. Therefore renal medulla is obligate user of glucose like the brain cells. Renal cortex has glucose 6 phosphatase activity and gluconeogenic enzymes for glucose formation and release. 2-4 The role of kidney in Blood glucose homeostasis both in fed and starve conditions have been areas of recent focus of research and study. These studies have paved way to look for newer forms of drugs to treat diabetes. Therefore, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of diabetic medications indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Keywords
Kidney, Gluconeogenesis, Sodium-Glucose co Transporter (SGLT), Renal Medulla, Renal Cortex
Reference
[1]
Ekberg K, Landau BR, Wajngot A, Chandramouli V, Efendic S, Brunengraber H, Wahren J: Contributions by kidney and liver to glucose production in the postabsorptive state and after 60 h of fasting. Diabetes 1998; 48: 292-298.
[2]
Stumvoll M, Chintalapudi U, Perriello G, Welle S, Gutierrez O, Gerich J: Uptake and release of glucose by the human kidney: postabsorptive rates and responses to epinephrine. J Clin Invest 1995; 96: 2528-2533.
[3]
Schoolwerth A, Smith B, Culpepper R: Renal gluconeogenesis (Review). Miner Electrolyte Metab 1988;14 : 347-361,1988.
[4]
Guder W, Ross B: Enzyme distribution along the nephron (Review). Kidney Int 1984; 26: 101 -111.
[5]
Sheriff DS. Medical Biochemistry. Jaypee Medical Publishers. New Delhi, 2004.
[6]
Pilkis, S J and GrannerD K Molecular Physiology of the Regulation of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis and Glycolysis. Annual Review of Physiology 1992; 54:885-909.
[7]
Meyer C, Dostou J, Nadkarni V, Gerich J. Effects of physiological hyperinsulinemia on systemic , renal, and hepatic substrate metabolism. Am J physiol 1998; 275: F915-F921.
[8]
Stumvoll M, Meyer C, Mitrakou A, Nadkarni V, Gerich JE. Renal glucose production and utilization: new aspects in humans. Diabetologia 1997; 40: 749-757.
[9]
Davidson MB, Peters AL. An overview of metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Med 1997; 102: 99-110.
[10]
Brenner BM. Brenner and Rector’s The kidney, 7thedn. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 2004.
[11]
Brown GK, Glucose transporters: structure, function and consequences of deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis 2000; 261: 32-43.
[12]
Wright EM. Renal Na (+)-glucose cotransporters. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2001; 280: F10-F18.
[13]
Meyer C, Woerle HJ, Dostou JM, Welle SL, Gerich JE. Abnormal renal, hepatic, and muscle glucose metabolism following glucose ingestion in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J PhysiolEndocrinolMetab 2004;287: E 1049-E1056.
[14]
Meyer C, Dostou JM, Gerich JE. Role of the human kidney in glucose counter-regulation. Diabetes 1999; 48: 943-948.
[15]
Turk E, Zabel B, Mundlos S, Dyer J, Wright EM, Glucose/Galactose malabsorption caused by a defect in the Na+ / glucose cotransporter. Nature 1991; 350: 354-356.
[16]
Micheal A N. Update on developments with SGLT2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2014; 8: 1335–1380.
[17]
Rossetti L, Smith D, Shulman GI, et al. Correction of Hyperglycemia with Phlorizin Normalizes Tissue Sensitivity to Insulin in Diabetic Rats. J Clin Invest 1987; 79: 1510– 1515.
Open Science Scholarly Journals
Open Science is a peer-reviewed platform, the journals of which cover a wide range of academic disciplines and serve the world's research and scholarly communities. Upon acceptance, Open Science Journals will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download.
CONTACT US
Office Address:
228 Park Ave., S#45956, New York, NY 10003
Phone: +(001)(347)535 0661
E-mail:
LET'S GET IN TOUCH
Name
E-mail
Subject
Message
SEND MASSAGE
Copyright © 2013-, Open Science Publishers - All Rights Reserved