Strategies to Enhance Early Implementation of Kangaroo Mother Care Guidelines in Health Facilities in Edo State, Nigeria
[1]
Roselynd Ejakhianghe Esewe, Nursing Science Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.
[2]
Rene Deliwe Phetlhu, School of Nursing, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa.
This paper describes the second phase of the processes that culminated in the formulation of strategies to enhance early implementation of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) guidelines in health facilities in Edo state, Nigeria. A multi-method approach by the use of the health policy analysis triangle of Walt and Gilson in 1994 resulted in conclusion statements that were generated from an empirical study in phase 1. The knowledge, attitude, practice and socio-cultural barriers regarding KMC of 72 respondents: 55 operational health workers, 4 managers and 13 mothers of preterm infants was explored through a descriptive survey design. In phase II, a purposive method was applied to select 10 Delphi panelists. The Total Quality Management (TQM) philosophy served as a basis to develop a vision, mission, values, principles, assumptions, and strategic objectives. The quantitative Delphi approach was used with the aid of a self-administered questionnaire which was validated by pilot testing. Data obtained from the rounds of the Delphi technique were analyzed with SPPS (24) in non-parametric variables using measures of central tendencies. A 75% consensus was reached in round 3 as predetermined as the acceptable score in all domains by the Delphi panelists. Hence the strategies are authentic, applicable and reliable for use as verified by the experts. Based on the rigour involved in the development of the strategies, the operational health workers (OHWs) who may have difficulties initiating and providing kangaroo mother care will benefit immensely. Furthermore, the strategies has the potential to contribute to the knowledge base of nursing practice because, it may serve as a reference point for nurses in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), maternity units and Primary Health Care centers (PHCs) thus helping in the reduction of neonatal mortality.
Kangaroo Mother Care, Health Facilities, Edo State, Strategy, Total Quality Management
[1]
Esienumoh EE, Akpabio II, Etowa JB. Cultural Diversity in Childbirth Practices of a Rural Community in Southern Nigeria. J Pregnancy Child Heal. 2016; 3 (5): 2–8.
[2]
Dalal A, Bala D, Chauhan S. A cross - sectional study on knowledge and attitude regarding kangaroo mother care practice among health care providers in Ahmedabad District. Int J Med Sci Public Heal. 2014; 3 (3): 240–3.
[3]
Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Perin J, Rudan I, Lawn JE, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000-13, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: An updated systematic analysis. Lancet. 2015; 385 (9966): 430–40.
[4]
Bergh A-M, Charpak N, Ezeonodo A, Udani RH, van Rooyen E. Education and training in the implementation of kangaroo mother care. South African J Child Heal. 2011; 6 (2): 38–45.
[5]
Conde-Agudelo A D. & Díaz-Rossello, J. L Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birth eight infants (Review) Cochrane: Database of Systematic Reviews. Cochrane Library. 2016.
[6]
Bergh AM, Rogers-bloch Q, Pratomo H, Uhudiyah U, Sidi IPS, Rustina Y, et al. Progress in the implementation of kangaroo mother care in 10 hospitals in Indonesia. J Trop Pediatr. 2012; 58 (5): 402–5.
[7]
Akinyemi JO, Bamgboye EA, Ayeni O. Trends in neonatal mortality in Nigeria and effects of bio-demographic and maternal characteristics. BMC Pediatr. 2015; 15 (1): 1–12.
[8]
Teece DJ. Business models, business strategy and innovation. Long Range Plann. 2010; 43 (2–3): 172–94.
[9]
Engert S, Baumgartner RJ. Corporate sustainability strategy - Bridging the gap between formulation and implementation. J Clean Prod. 2016; 113: 822–34.
[10]
Walt G, Gilson L. Reforming the health sector in developing countries: the central role of policy analysis. Health Policy Plan. 1994; 9 (4): 353–370.
[11]
Adler TR, Pittz TG. The Importance of Managing Strategic IT Project Contracts Using a Business Process Approach. Int J Inf Technol Proj Manag. 2016; 7 (4): 1–12.
[12]
Bryson JM. A Strategic Planning Process for Public and Non-profit Organizations. Lang Range Plan. 1988; 21 (1): 73–81.
[13]
Tenner AR, DeTorro IJ. Total quality management: Three steps to continuous improvement. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley; 1992. 226 p.
[14]
Peace J, Robinson R. Strategic Management: Formulation, implementation and control. 7th ed. Irwiin, Boston:: McGraw Hill.; 2000.
[15]
Hasson F, Keeney S. Enhancing rigour in the Delphi technique research. Technol Forecast Soc Change. 2011; 78 (9): 1695–704.
[16]
Brink H, Van-Der Walt C, Van-Rensburg C. Fundamentals of research methodology for health care professionals. 2nd ed. South Africa: Juta Academic; 2010.
[17]
UNDP. Sistainable Development Goals. Genva; 2015.
[18]
Pattinson R, Arsalo I, Bergh A-M, Malan A, Patrick M, Phillips N. Implementation of kangaroo mother care: A randomized trial of two outreach strategies. Acta Paediatr. 2005; 94 (7): 924–7.
[19]
Bergh A-M, Manu R, Davy K, van Rooyen E, Asare GQ, Williams JKA, et al. Translating research findings into practice – the implementation of kangaroo mother care in Ghana. Implement Sci. 2012; 7 (1): 75-84.
