“Management Gap in the Treatment of Infertility in Ghana”: The Cry of Childless Women
[1]
Deborah Y. Kussiwaah, Ga South Municipal District Hospital, Weija, Accra, Ghana.
[2]
Ernestina S. Donkor, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
[3]
Florence Naab, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Although it is medically proven that, both men and women usually have the similar percentage of infertility, African custom still views infertility as always the woman's fault rendering them to undesirable psychosocial maltreatments. Meanwhile, the only management given to these women is solely medical whiles their psychosocial needs are totally neglected. Since there has been very limited research concerning the psychosocial management given to women who finds themselves in these devastating problem, this study aims at determining whether psychosocial management is actually incorporated in the management of women with infertility. The psychosocial component of the bio-psychosocial model was used as a guiding framework to understand whether women with fertility problems received total management. The study utilized a qualitative exploratory descriptive approach to conduct an in-depth interview using a semi-structured interview guide. Fourteen (14) women who were purposively selected were interviewed in November 2015 to January 2016. Each interview lasted 30 to 40 minutes. Questions asked included the psychosocial management given to women with fertility problems. All interviews were audio taped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic content analysis. The study found that women with fertility problems although expressed numerous desires for psychosocial management, it was not readily available to them. Hence they themselves sought for an informal psychosocial management which included: counseling from family members, counseling from friends, peer mentoring, drawing more closely to God or Allah and reading or watching of inspirational movies.
Childless, Infertility, Psychosocial Management, Women
[1]
Naab, F., Brown, R., & Heidrich, S. (2013). Psychosocial health of infertile Ghanaian women and their infertility beliefs. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 45(2), 132-140. http://doi.org/doi: 10.1111/jnu.12013
[2]
Donkor, E. S., & Sandall, J. (2007). The impact of perceived stigma and mediating social factors on infertility-related stress among women seeking infertility treatment in Southern Ghana. Social Science & Medicine, 65(8), 1683-1694.
[3]
Minucci, D. (2013). Management of infertility today psychological and ethical implications related to infertility. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 123, 36-38.
[4]
Tabong, P.T.N., & Adongo, P. B. (2013). Infertility and childlessness: A qualitative study of the experiences of infertile couples in Northern Ghana. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13(72), 1-10.
[5]
Mohammad, M., Sima, B., Zohreh, B., Kourosh, K., Haleh, K., & Behzad, G. (2013). Aspects of psychosocial development in infertile versus fertile men. J Reprod Infertil, 4(2), 90-93.
[6]
Cwikel, J., Gidron, Y., & Sheiner, E. (2004). Psychological interactions with infertility among women. Obstet Gynecol, 117, 126-131. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.05.004
[7]
Engel G. L. (1977). The need for a new medical model: A challenge for biomedicine. Science, 196(4286), 129-136.
[8]
Shahin, A. (2007). Problem of IVF cost in developing countries: has natural cycle IVF a place? RBM Online, 15(1), 51-56.
[9]
Uschi Van den, B., Marysa, E., Wischmann, T., & Thorn, P. (2010). Counselling in infertility: Individual, couple and group interventions. Elsevier International, 81, 422-428. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2010.10.009.
[10]
Kamel, R. (2010). Management of the infertile couple: An evidence based protocol. Kamel Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 8(21), 2-7. http://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-8-21
[11]
Read, S., Carrier, M. E., Boucher, M. E., Whitley, R., Bond, S., & Zelkowitz, P. (2013). Psychosocial services for couples in infertility treatment: What do couples really want? Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 94, 390-395. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2013.10.025
[12]
Chan, C. H. Y., Chan, C. L. W., Ng, E. H. Y., Ho, P. C., Chan, T. H. Y., Lee, G. L., & Hui, W. H. C. (2012). Incorporating spirituality in psychosocial group intervention for women undergoing in vitro fertilization: A prospective randomized controlled study. British Psychological Society, 85, 356-373. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.2011.02040.x
[13]
Latifnejad Roudsari, R., & Allan, H. (2011). Women’s experiences and preferences in relation to infertility counselling: A multifaith dialogue. Int J Fertil Steril., 5(3), 158-167.
[14]
Donkor, E. S, & Sandall, J. (2009). Coping strategies of women seeking infertility treatment in Southern Ghana. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 13(4), 81-93.
[15]
Flick, U. (2006). An introduction to qualitative research. (3rd edition). London: Sage Publications.