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Impact of Antiretroviral Prophylaxis Adherence on Mothers Health and Prevention-of-Mother-to-Child-Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDS among Seropositive Pregnant Women Attending HIV Treatment Centre in Abeokuta, Nigeria
Current Issue
Volume 3, 2015
Issue 1 (February)
Pages: 17-24   |   Vol. 3, No. 1, February 2015   |   Follow on         
Paper in PDF Downloads: 14   Since Aug. 28, 2015 Views: 1997   Since Aug. 28, 2015
Authors
[1]
Shittu Olufunke Bolatito, Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria.
[2]
Obiakor Ijeoma Esther, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria.
[3]
Ojo David Adeboye, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria.
[4]
Sam-Wobo Sam Olufemi, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria.
Abstract
Background: Adherence of HIV seropositive pregnant women to antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis determines the success of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV interventions and there is a need to evaluate this in a resource limited setting like Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the socio-economic factors, knowledge and adherence of fourty consented sero-positive pregnant women to Antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis for their own health and Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV/AIDS using semi-structured questionnaire. Mothers’ blood samples were analyzed for CD4+ count, HIV-Syphilis and HIV-HB co-infections, lipid profile, creatinine, serum enzymes and electrolytes using standard methods. Early infant diagnosis (EID) using PCR was conducted for HIV exposed infants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: The Study showed that all the mothers (100%) were on ARV consisting Zidovudine (AZT), Lamivudine (3TC) and single dose Nevirapine (NVP) while all the HIV exposed babies (100%) received 1.5ml daily dose nevirapine from birth to their first EID. Moderate adherence was observed in 90% of the mothers while 2.5% of them were low in adherence. Among socio-economic factors examined, only age was associated with good adherence. Adherence was also found to be statistically significant with mothers’ platelets, creatinine and electrolytes level. Majority (92.5%) of the infants were HIV negative showing a high prevention rate. Conclusion: Moderate adherence and high reduction in mother-to child-transmission (MTCT) was observed in this study. Only mothers’ CD4+ count was found to be statistically significant with infants’ EID results at P<0.05, emphasizing the import of mothers immunologic and viral factors.
Keywords
Adherence, Antiretroviral Prophylaxis, Prevention-of-Mother-to-Child-Transmission, HIV, CD4+ Count, EID
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