Assessment of Sanitation and Water Handling Practices in Rural Communities of Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria
Background: Water and sanitation are important determinant of public health and there is a need to evaluate knowledge and practices related to these in diarrhoeal and cholera endemic areas. Method: A descriptive qualitative assessment of sanitation and water handling practices in some rural areas of Ogun State Nigeria was conducted with a combination of structured and open-ended questionnaire in 250 rural households that were selected by multistage and cluster sampling techniques. Results: The results obtained showed that about 30% do not have toilet facility while 55.6% had pit latrine. Only 20.8% had a closed dustbin, open dustbin (37.2%) while 42.0% had none. Refuse-dumps (42.0%), nearby gullies (3.6%), backyard (9.2%), streams (2.0%) and nearby bush (47.2%) were used for disposal. Domestic animals kept in the household included dog (49.2%), poultry (24.8%), goat (15.2%), cat (15.2%) pig (2.0%) and cattle (4.4%) Households’ vector of infectious diseases indicated rats (69.6%) and cockroaches (78.8%). Water sources showed that borehole (20%), hand dug well (36%); pipe-borne water (12%), river (9.2%) and streams (14.4%) were used by the household. Point-of-use water treatment is actually practiced in 67.0% of the 194 respondent that could mention any water treatment method. Water storage into open containers (28.8%), closed container (71.2%), wide mouthed (93.6%), and narrow necked (6.4%) were also observed. Water storage period varied from < 2 days (64%) to > one month (1.6%). Conclusion: Sanitation level in rural household is still very far from attaining the millennium development goals (MDGs) and the knowledge of point-of-use water treatment is actually different from practice.
Sanitation, Waste Disposal, Household Vector, Water Handling, Household Treatment, Perception on Water
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