Sugars: Types and Their Functional Properties in Food and Human Health
[1]
Margaret Zaitoun, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Faculty of Health Science, Al-baath University, Homs, Syria; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
[2]
Maissam Ghanem, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Faculty of Health Science, Al-baath University, Homs, Syria; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
[3]
Seba Harphoush, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Faculty of Health Science, Al-baath University, Homs, Syria; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Sugar is a building blocks of carbohydrates and it is naturally found in many food such as fruit, milk, vegetables and grain, another kind of sugar is added sugar which can be founded in flavored yogurt, sweetened beverages, baked goods and cereals, and it is used widely in industry. There are several types of carbohydrates, including monosaccharide and polysaccharide, which have many properties, whether in terms of the food industry or nutritionally. In addition to main function of sugars as sweetness, they also have others roles in food industry such as preservation, antioxidants, enhance the color, flavor and texture. Many food which contain high added sugar, provides energy but it is already poor in another nutrients, so that will affect the balance of intake nutrients like mineral, vitamins and proteins. Therefore, the excessive intake of sugars has a very harmful effect, especially in critical stages such as childhood, pregnancy and aging. It is very important to moderate the intake of high-content sugar food to keep the body healthy. This article views types of sugars, their functions in food and their effects on the health.
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