Joint Effect/Interaction of Detailing and Trainings on Coverage of Family Planning Products Among Selected PPMV Shops in Nigeria
[1]
Babajide Oluseyi Daini, Department of Research, Measurement and Results, Society for Family Health, Abuja, Nigeria.
[2]
Adedotun Umul-Khair Anibi, Department of Research, Measurement and Results, Society for Family Health, Abuja, Nigeria.
[3]
Boladale Akin-Kolapo, Department of Programs, Expanded Social Marketing Project, Society for Family Health, Abuja, Nigeria.
[4]
Oluwole Ayodele Fajemisin, Department of Research, Measurement and Results, Society for Family Health, Abuja, Nigeria.
Across many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Drug shops are usually the first point of care-seeking in most communities. Studies in Nigeria have found that PPMVs generally have low health knowledge and health treatment practices (especially for Family planning (FP)) ultimately affecting stocking patterns of products. Limited evidence suggests that PPMV knowledge and practice can be improved through interventions, particularly those that go beyond just training but include an integrated approach addressing both supply and demand-side factors. This study therefore aimed to assess the effects of the strategies (PPMV Trainings and Detailing) employed by the ESMPIN Project and examine the joint effect of these on coverage/stocking of FP products among selected PPMV Shops. A cross-section of 8,294 PPMV shops were selected systematically across 25 program states. Questionnaires were administered using personal digital directory (PDA); Data was reported as frequencies and percentages, bivariate analysis was done using the chi-square test and Multivariate regression analysis (using 3 models) was used to assess the association between training, detailing and coverage on FP Products. About one-third of PPMV shops were in rural areas (32.4%), 37.4% of shops interviewed, had at least one person who had attended training supported by ESMPIN/SFH and 27.6% had been visited by an ESMPIN/SFH Detailer. Nearly all (97.8%) attendees attended within 3 years prior to the study. There was significant association noticed between PPMV training attendance and stocking of Gold circle condom, Combination 3 and Postinor-2 (P=0.002, P<0.001, P<0.001 respectively), Detailing was also significantly associated with the mentioned FP Products (P<0.001). There was a 45% increased likelihood of having good coverage of FP products among trained-PPMV shops compared to those not-trained (OR=1.45, CI=1.326-1.588). A significant and larger association was found for effect of Detailing on coverage of products; odds of having good coverage were significantly higher among PPMVs detailed compared to those not detailed (OR=1.65, CI=1.50-1.82). The interaction term of training and detailing showed significant relationship with coverage of products; PPMV shops where we have both trained and conducted detailing were 2.1 times more likely to have good coverage of FP products than those not trained or detailed (AOR=2.01 CI=1.85-2.38). Training and detailing are important, and independently influence the behaviours of PPMVs regarding FP service provision and product stocking. However, a combination of both interventions in the same model would yield a multiplied effect and influence on PPMVs stocking practices and coverage of FP products.
PPMVs, Family Planning Products, Training, Detailing and Coverage/Stocking
[1]
L. M. Prach, E. Treleaven, C. Isiguzo, and J. Liu, “Care-seeking at patent and proprietary medicine vendors in Nigeria Health systems and services in low and middle income settings,” BMC Health Serv. Res., 2015.
[2]
N. Beyeler, J. Liu, and M. Sieverding, “A systematic review of the role of proprietary and patent medicine vendors in healthcare provision in Nigeria,” PLoS One, 2015.
[3]
NDHS, “Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013,” Niger. Demogr. Heal. Surv. 2013 Natl. Popul. Comm. Fed. Repub. Niger., 2013.
[4]
A. Ankomah, C. Ujuju, S. Adebayo, J. Anyanti, O. Oluigbo, and F. Muhammad, “An assessment of the quality of advice provided by patent medicine vendors to users of oral contraceptive pills in urban Nigeria,” J. Multidiscip. Healthc., 2014.
[5]
W. R. Brieger, P. E. Osamor, K. K. Salami, O. Oladepo, and S. A. Otusanya, “Interactions between patent medicine vendors and customers in urban and rural Nigeria,” Health Policy and Planning. 2004.
[6]
R. Barnes, Jeff; Chandani, Taara; Feeley, “Nigeria Private Sector Health Assessment,” 2008.
[7]
Egboh A, Pharmacy Laws and Practice in Nigeria, vol. PMID: 25057. 1984.
[8]
A. Akol, D. Chin-Quee, P. Wamala-Mucheri, J. H. Namwebya, S. J. Mercer, and J. Stanback, “Getting closer to people: family planning provision by drug shops in Uganda,” Glob. Heal. Sci. Pract., 2014.
[9]
J. Stanback, C. Otterness, M. Bekiita, O. Nakayiza, and A. K. Mbonye, “Injected with controversy: Sales and administration of injectable contraceptives in drug shops in Uganda,” Int. Perspect. Sex. Reprod. Health, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 24–29, 2011.
[10]
F. N. Wafula and C. A. Goodman, “Are interventions for improving the quality of services provided by specialized drug shops effective in sub-Saharan Africa? A systematic review of the literature,” International Journal for Quality in Health Care. 2010.
[11]
N. V. Obitte NC, Chukwu A, Odimegwu DC, “Survey of drug storage practice in homes, hospitals and patent medicine stores in Nsukka Nigeria,” Sci Res Essay, vol. 4, pp. 1354–1359, 2009.
[12]
O. A. Ajuwon, Ademola, John Imaledo, Frederick Oshiname, “Research and Recommendations on the Delivery of Injectable Contraceptive Services by Patent Medicine Vendors in Rural Nigeria,” Res. Triangle Park. NC FHI 360, 2013.
[13]
A. I. and A. O. Babatunde Ahonsi, Ishaku Salisu, “Providers’ and key opinion leaders’ attitudes, beliefs and practices regarding emergency contraception in Nigeria,” Popul. Counc. Inc, 2012.
[14]
A. D. Okonkwo and U. P. Okonkwo, “Patent medicine vendors, community pharmacists and STI management in Abuja, Nigeria,” Afr. Health Sci., 2010.
[15]
N. M. Shah, W. R. Brieger, and D. H. Peters, “Can interventions improve health services from informal private providers in low and middle-income countries? A comprehensive review of the literature,” Health Policy Plan., vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 275–287, 2011.
[16]
M. J. Knol, I. van der tweel, D. E. Grobbee, M. E. Numans, and M. I. Geerlings, “Estimating interaction on an additive scale between continuous determinants in a logistic regression model,” Int. J. Epidemiol., 2007.
[17]
M. U. Adikwu, “Sales practices of patent medicine sellers in Nigeria,” Health Policy Plan., 1996.
[18]
O. M. Ebuehi, O. a T. Ebuehi, and V. Inem, “Health care providers’ knowledge of, attitudes toward and provision of emergency contraceptives in Lagos, Nigeria.,” International family planning perspectives. 2006.
[19]
K. Deborah, “Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Emergency Contraception Among Health Care Providers in Lagos, Nigeria,” J. Community Med., vol. 3, 2007.
