Tetanus Toxoid Immunization, Drop-Out Rates and Determining Factors Among Women in a Niger Delta Community, Nigeria
[1]
Madubuike Goodlyne, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
[2]
Asuquo Eme Olukemi, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
[3]
Oriji Vaduneme Kingsley, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Tetanus infection is of global importance and a cause for concern in the Sub-Saharan region where infection is endemic. Despite the WHO global effort to eradicate Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus (MNT), Nigeria remained among the 19 countries yet to achieve this goal set by 2015, therefore the need to assess the tetanus toxoid (TT) immunization status, drop-out rates and its determinants among women in Alakahia Obio/Akpor LGA, Rivers State, Nigeria. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in August 2016 among 276 pregnant women and women who had given birth in the last one year. Participants were recruited using a cluster sampling method and were interviewed with an interviewer-administered questionnaire structured from the WHO cluster form for TT immunization. Data was summarized using descriptive statistics and analysed with binary logistic regression using SPSS version 20. The study showed high access to TT immunization (91%) but increasing drop-out rates from TT1 to TT5 (3.1%, 82.8%, 100%, and 100% respectively). Bivariate analysis showed that age, parity and mother’s education significantly affected TT immunization coverage (P˂0.001, p˂0.001 and p=0.011 respectively). When the odds ratio was adjusted, only age (OR=0.096; 95% CI for OR=0.034-0.270; p<0.001) and parity (OR=9.667; 95% CI for OR=3.161-29.563; p<0.001) remained significantly associated with immunization status. Women in Alakahia community lack adequate TT immunization coverage as shown by their high drop-out rates. This calls for improvement on the awareness and immunization coverage in this community even from adolescent age, which will make MNT elimination achievable.
Neonatal Tetanus, Immunization, Tetanus Toxoid, Niger Delta
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