Brief Review on Bacterial Resistance in K. Pneumoniae
[1]
Maria Daiane Lopes Moreira, LABIAM - Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Microbiology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Acaraú, Brazil.
[2]
Manuela Araújo Carneiro, LABIAM - Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Microbiology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Acaraú, Brazil.
[3]
José Ednésio da Cruz Freire, Faculty of Pharmacy, UNINASAU, Fortaleza, Brazil.
[4]
José Gerardo Carneiro, LABIAM - Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Microbiology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará, Acaraú, Brazil.
In recent years, clinical and scientific interest in so-called beta-lactams has been largely due to the large number of reports of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. being the indiscriminate use of antibiotics the main factor responsible for the increase of bacterial resistance, which in turn refers to the ability of certain bacteria to resist antimicrobial agents, result of the selective pressure generated by the inadequate use of antibiotics, where initially sensitive microbial populations, are gradually replaced by more resilient populations. The main mechanism of resistance of gram-negative bacteria is the production of β-lactamase enzymes, capable of hydrolyzing β-lactam antibiotics. Carbapenem antibiotics are widely used to combat multiresistant gram-negative bacteria that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). The enzyme Klebisiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase (KPC), is a class A carbapenemase enzyme, encoded by the blaKPC gene, which is located in transmissible plasmids and is very prevalent, especially in enterobacteria. Some bacteria have developed resistance to carbapenems by KPC production, first identified in a Klebisiella pneumoniae isolate in North Carolina (USA), encoded by the blaKPC gene. Another class A enzyme carbapenemase was identified in Brazil, Brasiliensis Klebisiella Carbapenemase (BKC-1), encoded by the blaBKC-1 gene. Some measures that delay the increase of microbial resistance and reduce the proliferation of resistant microorganisms are the prudent use of antibiotics, hygienic habits on the part of health professionals and the control of the use of antibiotics in veterinary practice and animal production.
β-Lactam Resistance, Carbapenemase, Klebisiella, KPC
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