Altered Lipid Profile is Associated with External Limiting Membrane and Inner Segment Ellipsoid Band Disruption in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Preliminary Study
[1]
Astha Jain, Department of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India.
[2]
Sandeep Saxena, Department of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India.
[3]
Surabhi Ruia, Department of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India.
[4]
Khushboo Srivastav, Department of Ophthalmology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India.
[5]
Shankar M Natu, Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India.
Aims: To establish a correlation between lipid profile and disruption of external limiting membrane (ELM) and inner segment ellipsoid band (ISel) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), for the first time. Method: Study subjects included 60 cases of type 2 DM [no diabetic retinopathy (No DR) (n=20); non proliferative DR (NPDR, n=20); proliferative DR (PDR, n=20)] and 20 healthy controls. Best corrected visual acuity was measured on logMAR scale. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to grade the disruption of ELM and ISel as: grade 0 - No disruption of ELM and ISel; grade 1 - ELM disrupted, ISel intact; grade 2 - ELM and ISel disrupted. Serum was analyzed for levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins. Data was analyzed statistically. Results: Macular edema was observed in 17 cases of NPDR and in all cases of PDR. The ELM and ISel disruption correlated significantly with increased levels of cholesterol (r=0.35), triglycerides (r=0.28) and low density lipoprotein (r=0.34). ELM and ISel disruption was associated with decrease in visual acuity. Conclusion: Deranged lipid profile correlates with the progression of diabetic retinopathy, disruption of ELM and ISel on SD-OCT and decrease in visual acuity.
Diabetic Retinopathy, Lipid Profile, Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography, External Limiting Membrane, Inner Segment Ellipsoid Band
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