Hydrogeochemical and Cluster Analyses of Surface Water and Groundwater in Owo Area, Nigeria
[1]
Thompson Henry Tolulope Ogunribido, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria.
[2]
Olorunwa Oladipupo Kukute, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria.
Hydrogeochemical investigation was carried out in Owo Area, to assess the quality of surface water and groundwater for its suitability for domestic and other uses. Twenty water samples were collected in clean 2 litres plastic bottles and were transported to the research laboratory of Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba – Akoko and Federal University of Technology, Akure for analyses. Physical parameters such as TDS, EC and pH were measured in the field by water quality analyser. Metals such as Na+ and K+ were analysed by flame photometer and Ca2+, Cr6+, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ were determined by AAS at Federal University of Technology, Akure and anions by titration. pH ranged from 7.22 - 7.83 and 6.71 - 8.47 for surface and groundwater respectively, EC for surface water ranged from 21.5 - 66.4 µS/cm and groundwater from 7.0 - 107.5 µS/cm. TDS for surface and groundwater were 151 - 220 mg/L and 44 - 244 mg/L respectively. Calcium was the dominant cation and bicarbonate was the dominant anion and source may be from septic tanks. Cluster analysis grouped water samples into three; fresh, intermediate and polluted water. Gibb diagram indicated the source of dissolved constituents was due to soil / rock - water interaction. Hydrogeochemical facies showed that the water type is Ca – HCO3. Samples from location 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10 and 12 were polluted and should be treated before use or should be discarded.
Hydrogeochemical, Cluster Analysis, Surface Water, Groundwater, Drinking Water Standard
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