Welcome to Open Science
Contact Us
Home Books Journals Submission Open Science Join Us News
Seismicity and Seismotectonics of the Sudan and South Sudan
Current Issue
Volume 2, 2015
Issue 5 (September)
Pages: 142-149   |   Vol. 2, No. 5, September 2015   |   Follow on         
Paper in PDF Downloads: 58   Since Sep. 16, 2015 Views: 2433   Since Sep. 16, 2015
Authors
[1]
Naila M. O. Babiker, Seismological Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan.
[2]
Abdel Halim H. El Nadi, Department of Geology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
[3]
Abdel Hafiz G. Mula, Department of Geology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
[4]
Ali A. M. Eisawi, Department of Petroleum Geology, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Abstract
Earthquake data collected from regional and international seismological stations was compiled in order to produce a seismicity map for the Sudan and South Sudan. The seismicity and tectonic information were used to identify the relationship between the distribution of earthquakes and active geological structures and further to create seismic source zones. The results showed that the study area lies within seismically-active region which can be divided into three major seismic source zones, namely the Southern Seismic Source Zone (SSSZ; Ms=7.2), the Northeastern Seismic Source Zone (NSSZ; mb=5.9), the Central Seismic Source Zone (CSSZ; Ms=5.5). The SSSZ is bounded by latitudes 3º00̀ and 10°00̀ N and longitudes 22º00̀ and 36°00̀ E. The seismic activity associated with this zone is attributed to the extension of the western branch of the East African Rift System into South Sudan, or possibly related to rejuvenation of movement in the fault-bounded basins of South Sudan. The NSSZ is located to the west of the presently active seismicity along the Red Sea trough. The third zone seismicity is possibly related to rejuvenation of movement along the Central African Shear Zone (CASZ). Additional minor seismic activity is probably related to Cenozoic volcanicity in Jebel Merra and Bayuda volcanic fields.
Keywords
Seismicity, Seismotectonics, Seismic Source Zone, Sudan, South Sudan
Reference
[1]
Abdel R. E. M., 1993. Geochemical and geotectonic controls of the metallogenicevolution of selected ophiolite complexes from the Sudan. Berliner Geowiss. Abh. A v. 145, p. 175.
[2]
Abdalla J. A., Mohamedzein YA, A / wahabA 1997. Seismic hazard assessment and zoning of Sudan. Sudan engineering Society J v.44: No.35.
[3]
Almond D. C., 1971. Ignimbrite vents in the Sabaloka cauldron. Geol Mag v.108, p.159-176.
[4]
Almond D. C., O´Halloran D., Ahmed F., Curtis P. M., McCormac M. Vail J. R., 1977. Concentration of Younger Granite ring complexes and Cainzoic volcanic field in Bayuda Desert, Sudan. Annu. Rep. Res. Inst. Afr. Geol. Univ. Leeds. v.20, p.61-65.
[5]
Almond D. C., 1978. New ideas on the geological history of the Basement complex of the north east Sudan. Sudan notes and records LIX p. 106.
[6]
Almond D. C., 1980. Precambrian events at Sabaloka, near Khartoum and their significance in the chronology of the basement complex of North-East Africa. Precambr Res v.13, p.43-62.
[7]
Almond D. C., Kheir O. M., Poole S., 1984.Alkaline basalt volcanism in northeastern Sudan: a comparison of the Bayuda and Gedaref areas. J Afr Earth Sciv. 2, p. 233-245.
[8]
Ambraseys N. N., Adams R. D., 1986. Seismicity of the Sudan, Bulletin of Seismological Society of America v.76,p. 483-493, No. 2.
[9]
Ambraseys N. N., Melville C. P., Adams R. D., 1994.The Seismicity of Egypt, Arabia and the Red Sea a historical review. Cambridge University Press, 181p.
[10]
Andrew G., 1948.Geology of the Sudan In: Tothil, H. (ed.), Agriculture in the Sudan, ch 4, p. 84-128.
[11]
Andrew G., Yanni Karkanis G., 1945. Stratigraphic notes, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Sudan Notes and Records, v. 26, p.157-166.
[12]
Ahmed F., 1968. Geology of Jebel Qeili, Butana and Jebel Sileitat-es-Sufr igneous complexes, Nile valley central Sudan. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Khartoum (Unpublished).
[13]
Ahmed F., 1983.Relationships of mineral deposits and lineaments analysis of the Red Sea region, northeastern Sudan. Advance Space Research v. 3, p. 71-79, No. 2.
[14]
Babiker M. O., 2009.Earthquakes catalogue and seismic hazard assessment of the Red Sea Region, PhD Thesis, Sudan Academy of Science, Khartoum, Sudan.
[15]
Cavanagh B. J., 1979. Rb-Sr geochronology of some pre-Nubian igneous complexes of central and northeastern Sudan. PhD thesis, Univ Leeds pp. 239
[16]
Delany F. M., 1954. Recent contributions to the geology of the Sudan. Nineteenth int. geol. Congr. Algiers, v. 20, p.11-18.
[17]
Delany F. M., 1958. Observations on the Sabaloka Series of the Sudan Trans, Geol. Soc S Afr. V. 61, p. 111-124.
[18]
El Nadi A.H., 1984. The Geology of the late Precambrian metavolcanics, RedSea hills, NE Sudan, PhD Thesis, University of Nottingham, England.
[19]
El Nadi A. H., El Nour N. M., 2005. The Use of Arash Qol Igneous Complex Rocks, central Sudan, as Construction Material. Sudan Journal of Basic Sciences (G), Sudan Institute for Natural Sciences Publication. v. 6, p. 9-31.
[20]
El Nour N. M., 2001. Origin and Evolution of Jebel Arash Qol igneous complex rocks and their engineering properties as construction material, MSc Thesis, Univ. of Khartoum.
[21]
Fairhead J. D., 1988. Mesozoic plate tectonic reconstruction of the central south Atlantic Ocean: The role of the west and central African rift system. Tectonophysics. V. 155, p. 181-195.
[22]
Fairhead J. D., Green C. M., 1989. Controls on rifting in Africa and the regional model forthe Nigeria and Niger rift basins. J Afr Earth Sci.v. 8, p. 321-249.
[23]
Franz G., Pudlo D., Urlacher G., Hau Bmann U., Boven A., Wemmer K., 1994. The Darfur Dome, western Sudan: The product of subcontinental Mantle plume. Geol Radsch. v. 83, p. 614-623.
[24]
Gaulon R., Chorowicz J., Vidal G., Romanowics B., Roult G., 1992.Geodynamicimplications of May-July 1990 earthquake sequence in southern Sudan Tectonophysicsv. 209, p. 87-103.
[25]
Gouin P., 1979. Earthquake history of Ethiopia and the horn of Africa, international. Develop. Res Center Publ 118, Ottawa, Canada.
[26]
Guiraud R., Maurin J. C., 1992.Early Cretaceous rifts of western and central Africa. Tectonophysics. v. 213, p. 153-168.
[27]
Harris N. B. W., Duyverman H. J., Almond D. C., 1983. The trace element and isotop Geochemistry of the Sabaloka Igneous Complex, Sudan, Journal of the Geological Society of London. v. 140, p. 245-256.
[28]
Klitzsch E., Wycisk P., 1987.Geology of the sedimentary of northern Sudan and bordering areas. In: Klitzsch, E. and Schrank, E. (eds.) Research in Egypt and Sudan. Berliner Geowiss. Abh., Reimer - Verlag, Berlin p. 97-137.
[29]
Kröner A., Greiling R., Reischmann T., Hussein I M., Stern R. J., Durr S., Kruger j., Zimmer M., 1987. Pan African crustal evolution in the Nubian segment of Northeastafrica. In: Kröner, A. (Ed), Proterozoic Lithospheric Evolution. In Geodynamics series, American Geophysical Union. v. 17, p. 235-257.
[30]
Kröner A., Linnebacher P., Stern R. J., Reischmann T., Manton W., Hussein I, M., 1991. Evolution of Pan-African island arc assemblages in the southern Red Sea Hills Precambrian Research. v. 53, p. 99-118.
[31]
Meinhold K. D., 1983. Summary of the regional and economic geology of the Bayuda Desert, Sudanv. 33,pp 45.
[32]
Makris M. J., Rhim R., 1991. Shear controlled evolution of the Red Sea: Pull apart model Tectonophysics. v. 198, p. 441-466.
[33]
Mula A. H. G., 1990. Recent earthquake sequence of May 1990 in Juba area Sudan, unpublished report, university of Khartoum.
[34]
Qureshi I. R., Sadig A. A., 1967. Earthquakes and associated faulting in central Sudan, Nature v. 215, p. 263-265. No. 5098.
[35]
Rieschmann T., Kröner A., 1994. Late Proterozoic island arc volcanics from Gebeit, Red Sea Hills, Northeastern Sudan. Geologische Rundschau. v. 83, p. 547-563.
[36]
Schandelmeier H., Darbyshire F., 1984. Metamorphic and magmatic events in the Uweinat – BirSafsaf Uplift (Western Desert/Egypt). Geol. Rundsch.v.73, p. 819-831. No. 2.
[37]
Schandelmeier H., Pudlo D., 1990. The Central African Fault Zone (CAFZ) inSudan – a possible continental transform fault. Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen. Reihe A v. 120, p. 1:31-44.
[38]
Sestini j., 1965, Cenozoic stratigraphy and depositional history of the Red Sea coast, Sudan, Bull Am Assoc Petrol Geolv. 49, p. 1453-1471.
[39]
S.R.I., 1996. Seismicity and seismotectonic of Sudan, Unpublished report, seismological research institute-Sudan.
[40]
S.R.I., 2003. Analysis of Abu Deleig earthquake, Unpublished report, seismological research institute-Sudan.
[41]
S.R.I., 2008. Seismotectonic map of Sudan. Unpublished report, seismological research institute-Sudan.
[42]
S.R.I., 2010. Report of Khartoum earthquake, September, 2010. Unpublished report, seismological research institute-Sudan.
[43]
Vail J. R., 1978. Outline of the geology and mineral deposits of the Democratic Republic of Sudan and adjacent areas overseas geology and mineral resources No. 49 J Geol Soc London.
[44]
Vail J. R., 1979. Outline of the geology and mineralization of Nubian Arabian shield east of the Nile valley Sudan. In: Evolution and mineralization of the Arabian Nubian Shield (edited by Tahoun, S.A) v. 1, p. 97-107.pergamon Oxford.
[45]
Vail J. R., 1982. Distribution and Tectonic setting of post kinematic Igneous complexes inthe Red Sea Hills of the Sudan and the Arabian Nubian shield Precambrian Res., v. 16, A41.
[46]
Vail J. R., 1987. Late Proterozoic tectonic terrains in the Arabian-Nubian Shield and their characteristic mineralization Geological journal, thematic issue, v. 22, p. 161-174.
[47]
Vail J. R., 1988b. Lexicon of Geological Terms for the Sudan. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 199pp.
[48]
Vail J. R., 1990. Geochronology of the Sudan Overseas Geol Miner Resour HMSO London, No. 66.
[49]
Whiteman A. J., 1971. The geology of Sudan Republic Clarendon Press Oxford UK.
Open Science Scholarly Journals
Open Science is a peer-reviewed platform, the journals of which cover a wide range of academic disciplines and serve the world's research and scholarly communities. Upon acceptance, Open Science Journals will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download.
CONTACT US
Office Address:
228 Park Ave., S#45956, New York, NY 10003
Phone: +(001)(347)535 0661
E-mail:
LET'S GET IN TOUCH
Name
E-mail
Subject
Message
SEND MASSAGE
Copyright © 2013-, Open Science Publishers - All Rights Reserved