GIS-Based Hydrological Modeling of Atbara Area, Sudan
[1]
Khalda Y. Ibrahim, Remote sensing and seismology authority, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan.
[2]
Insaf B. Sanhouri, Department of Geology, Faculty of science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
[3]
Abd Alhafiz G. El Mula, Department of Geology, Faculty of science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
[4]
Abu Elela A. Mohammed, National Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Cairo, Egypt.
In this paper the authors discuss the digital elevation model based arc GIS applicable for automatic generation of input data needed by hydrological models. The digital elevation model was visually inspected to study the general characteristic of the geomorphology of Atbara area. Firstly the digital elevation data was mosaicked using Global mapper10 and saved as DEM format, it has to be cleared from errors such as sink which was filled-in and prepared for standard hydrology usage. The digital elevation model was used as input data to Arc GIS software to create the surface analysis (hill shade) and then used the hydrology under the spatial analyst to delineate the hydrological models such as flow direction and flow accumulation. From flow accumulation image the surface drainage network is extracted. Finally the authors used kriging method to interpolate the depth to the groundwater table level from borehole data in the study area. This paper clearly demonstrates the use of digital elevation models to create hydrological model in Atbara area. The model shows weak zones around the River Nile and Atbara River that are vulnerable to physical and climatic hazards.
Atbara, Digital Elevation Model, Hydrologic Models, Boreholes Data, Earthquake
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