Welcome to Open Science
Contact Us
Home Books Journals Submission Open Science Join Us News
Geography of Innovation in European Area Through Patent Statistic
Current Issue
Volume 3, 2015
Issue 6 (December)
Pages: 373-378   |   Vol. 3, No. 6, December 2015   |   Follow on         
Paper in PDF Downloads: 47   Since Nov. 3, 2015 Views: 2225   Since Nov. 3, 2015
Authors
[1]
Kouskourida Eirini-Zoi, Department of Planning and Regional Development, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.
[2]
Christina J. Roussi-Vergou, Practical Training Office of the University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.
Abstract
This paper aims to explore the spatial distribution of innovative activity at regional level for the whole European territory, through patent statistics. Innovation has become a very important factor to economic growth and to improvement of technology both at regional and national level. The important role of innovation is presented through the effects of the introduction and diffusion of major technological discoveries and inventions in industry and the world economy. This paper examines through theoretical and empirical analysis both agglomeration and disparities of innovation activities throughout time in Europe. The empirical analysis is based on patent data from OECD (1998-2011) for 31 countries and 890 sub-units (regions). Patent data seems to be the appropriate indicator giving us information about inventors’ resident in order to geo-localize innovation activity, The paper is structured as follows: Section one discusses the theoretical and empirical framework of innovation and regional development in relation to patent. Section two describes the data that has been used and the methodology that has been followed in the study. The analysis is based on patent data from the OECD patent database from 1998-2011. Section three presents the empirical results of the study. European regions classification based on their patent stocks, growth, contribution to European innovation activity and concentration. There is a classification both on top twenty innovative countries and regions. Conclusions are briefly presented in section four.
Keywords
Patent Data, Innovation Activity, R & D in Europe
Reference
[1]
Arrow, K. (1962). The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing. The Review of Economic Studies, 29(3), p. 155.
[2]
Audretsch, D. B., & Feldman M. P., (1996). R & D Spillovers and the Geography of Innovation and Production. American Economic Review, 86(3), 630-640.
[3]
Audretsch, D. & Feldman, M. (2003). Knowledge spillovers and the geography of innovation and production. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research.
[4]
Cairncross, F. (2001). The death of distance. London: Texere.
[5]
Christ, J. P. (2010). Geographic concentration and spatial inequality: Two decades of EPO patenting at the level of European micro regions. Globalization & Employment (Schriftenreihe des Promotionsschwerpunkts Globalisierung & Beschäftigung), 32.
[6]
Feller, I., & Griliches, Z. (1987). R & D, Patents, and Productivity. Technology and Culture, 28(1), 183.
[7]
Fornahl, D., & Brenner, T. (2009). Geographic concentration of innovative activities in Germany. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 20(3), 163-182.
[8]
Glaeser, E., Kallal H., Scheinkman, J., & Shleifer, A. (1992). Growth of cities. Journal of Political Economy, 100, 1126-1152.
[9]
Griliches, Z. (1998). Patent Statistics as Economic Indicators: A Survey. In Z. Griliches (Ed.), R&D and Productivity: The Econometric Evidence, (287-343). University of Chicago Press.
[10]
Griliches, Z. 1990. Patent statistics as economic indicators: a survey. Journal of Economic Literature, 28, 1661–707.
[11]
Grossman, G., & Helpman, E. (1997). Innovation and growth in the global economy. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
[12]
Jacobs, J. (1969). The economy of cities. New York: Random House.
[13]
Jaffe, A., Trajtenberg, M. and Henderson, R. (1993). Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108(3), 577-598.
[14]
Krugman, P. (1993). Geography and trade. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press.
[15]
Breschi, S., & Lissoni, F. (2003). Mobility and social networks: Localised knowledge spillovers revisited. Milan: University Bocconi, CESPRI Working Paper, 142.
[16]
Lissoni, F., & Miguelez, E. (2014). Patents, Innovation and Economic Geography (No. 2014-16). Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée.
[17]
Marshall, A., & Guillebaud, C. (1961). Principles of economics. London: Macmillan for the Royal Economic Society.
[18]
Miguélez, E., & Moreno, R. (2013). Research Networks and Inventors' Mobility as Drivers of Innovation: Evidence from Europe. Regional Studies, 47(10), 1668-1685.
[19]
Moreno, R., Paci, R., & Usai, S. (2003). Spatial Spillovers and Innovation Activity in European Regions. SSRN Journal (SSRN-id493682).
[20]
Murata, Y., Nakajima, R., Okamoto, R., & Tamura, R. (2014). Localized Knowledge Spillovers and Patent Citations: A Distance-Based Approach. Review of Economics and Statistics, 96(5), 967-985.
[21]
Romer, P. (1994). The Origins of Endogenous Growth. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8(1), 3-22.
[22]
Simmie, J. (2003). Innovation and urban regions as national and international nodes for the transfer and sharing of knowledge. Regional Studies, 37(6-7), 607-620
[23]
Singh, J., & Marx, M. (2013). Geographic Constraints on Knowledge Spillovers: Political Borders vs. Spatial Proximity. Management Science, 59(9), 2056-2078.
[24]
Usai, S. (2011). The Geography of Inventive Activity in OECD Regions. Regional Studies, 45(6), 711-731.
[25]
Oecd.org, (2015). Innovation - OECD. [online] Available at: http://www.oecd.org/innovation/ [Accessed 28 Dec. 2014].
Open Science Scholarly Journals
Open Science is a peer-reviewed platform, the journals of which cover a wide range of academic disciplines and serve the world's research and scholarly communities. Upon acceptance, Open Science Journals will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download.
CONTACT US
Office Address:
228 Park Ave., S#45956, New York, NY 10003
Phone: +(001)(347)535 0661
E-mail:
LET'S GET IN TOUCH
Name
E-mail
Subject
Message
SEND MASSAGE
Copyright © 2013-, Open Science Publishers - All Rights Reserved