Welcome to Open Science
Contact Us
Home Books Journals Submission Open Science Join Us News
Current Management Progress and Future Direction of Schistosomiasis: A Review
Current Issue
Volume 5, 2017
Issue 5 (October)
Pages: 39-46   |   Vol. 5, No. 5, October 2017   |   Follow on         
Paper in PDF Downloads: 20   Since Aug. 14, 2017 Views: 1350   Since Aug. 14, 2017
Authors
[1]
C. M. A. Gause Miraj, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
[2]
Wen-Hua Fan, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
[3]
Bainian Feng, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, also known as snail fever; is a tropical diseases due to the parasite Schistosoma trematode worms. It comes second only to malaria as its impact on the society. Around 230 million people are at highly risk in the world. Combines with others such as diarrhea, chronic pain, anaemia, undernutrition, the disease is also a major risk factor for HIV infection in which caused by female urogenital schistosomiasis. The shistosomiasis parasites modulate the immune response of the host once the egg deposition has started. Until now, the most effective antischistosome drug is praziquantel (PZQ). In this review, we discuss some aspects about new antischistosome drug as well as vaccine development.
Keywords
Schistosoma, Oxadiazole-2-oxide Analogues, Antischistosomal Activity, Neglected Tropical Disease
Reference
[1]
World Health Organization, Schistosomiasis Progress Report (2001−2011) and Strategic Plan (2012−2020). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization Press, 2013.
[2]
Allen G. P. Ross, P. B. B., Adrian C. Sleigh, Schistosomiasis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2002. 346(16): p. 1212-1220.
[3]
Chitsulo, L., D. Engels, A. Montresor, and L. Savioli, The global status of schistosomiasis and its control. Acta Trop, 2000. 77: p. 41-51.
[4]
Pearce, E. J. and A. S. MacDonald, The immunobiology of schistosomiasis. Nat Rev Immunol, 2002. 2(7): p. 499-511.
[5]
KS, W., The pathology, pathobiology and pathogenesis of schistosomiasis. Nature, 1978. 273: p. 609-612.
[6]
Ross AG, V. D., Olds GR, Shah SM, McManus DP, Katayama syndrome. Lancet Infect Dis, 2007. 7: p. 218-224.
[7]
KS, W., Schistosomiasis japonica: models for the pathogenesis of hepatosplenic, intestinal and cerebral disease. Jap. J. Parasitol, 1971. 20: p. 40-44.
[8]
Sajid M, M. J., Cysteine proteases of parasitic organisms. MolBiochem Parasitol, 2002. 120: p. 1-21.
[9]
Chen, M. G., S. C. Wang, P. Y. Chang, C. Y. Chuang, Y. J. Chen, Y. C. Tang, and S. C. Chou, Granulomatous disease of large intestine secondary to schistosome infection: a study of 229 cases. China Med. J. (Peking), 1978. 91: p. 371-378.
[10]
Chen, M. G., Relative distribution of Schistosomajaponicum eggs in the intestine of man: a subject of inconsistencies. Acta Trop, 1991. 48: p. 163-171.
[11]
Ming-Chai C, P.-Y. C., Chi-Yuan C, Wang Fu-Pan, Chen Yi-Jen, Colorectal cancer and schistosomiasis. Lancet, 1981. 1: p. 970-973.
[12]
Ezeamama AE, M. S., Hogan J, Lapane KL, Bellinger DC, Treatment for Schistosomajaponicum, reduction of intestinal parasite load, and cognitive test score improvements in school-aged children. PLoSNegl Trop Dis, 2012. 6: p. e1634.
[13]
Chen, M. G., Schistosomiasis control program in the People’s Republic of China: a review. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1989. 20: p. 511-517.
[14]
Inaba Y, M. N., Matsuda M, Yoshihara N, Yamamoto S, A case control study on liver cancer with special emphasis on the possible aetiological role of schistosomiasis. Int J Epidemiol, 1984. 13: p. 408-412.
[15]
Yu JM, d. V. S., Jiang QW, Gryseels B, Comparison of the Kato-Katz technique, hatching test and indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) for the diagnosis of Schistosomajaponicum infection in China. ParasitolInt, 2007. 56: p. 45-49.
[16]
Stothard JR, S.-F. J., Standley C, Van Dam GJ, Knopp S, An evaluation of urine-CCA strip test and fingerprick blood SEA-ELISA for detection of urinary schistosomiasis in schoolchildren in Zanzibar. Acta Trop, 2009. 111: p. 64-70.
[17]
Navaratnam AM, M.-N. M., Stothard JR, Kabatereine NB, Fenwick A, Notes on the use of urine-CCA dipsticks for detection of intestinal schistosomiasis in preschool children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2012. 106(10): p. 619-622.
[18]
Colley DG, B. S., Campbell C, King CH, Tchuem Tchuenté LA, A five-country evaluation of a point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen urine assay for the prevalence of Schistosomamansoni. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2013. 88: p. 426-432.
[19]
Mengistu L, a.E.B., Field-based evaluation of a reagent strip test for diagnosis of Schistosomamansoni by detecting circulating cathodic antigen in urine before and after chemotherapy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2007. 101: p. 668-673.
[20]
Van Lieshout L, P. A., Deelder AM, Immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis by determination of the circulating antigens CAA and CCA, in particular in individuals with recent or light infections. Acta Trop, 2000. 77: p. 69-80.
[21]
Doenhoff MJ, C. D., Utzinger J, Praziquantel: mechanisms of action, resistance and new derivatives for schistosomiasis. CurrOpin Infect Dis, 2008. 21: p. 659-667.
[22]
Coulibaly JT, N. G. Y., Knopp S, Keiser J, N’Goran EK, Utzinger J, Efficacy and safety of praziquantel in preschool-aged children in an area co-endemic for Schistosomamansoni and S. haematobium. PLoSNegl Trop Dis, 2012. 6(12): p. e1917.
[23]
Sousa-Fugueiredo JC, B. M., Atuhaire A, Performance and safety of praziquantel for treatment of intestinal schistosomiasis in infants and preschool children. PLoSNegl Trop Dis, 2012. 6(10): p. e1864.
[24]
Garba A, L. M., Barkire N, Efficacy and safety of two closely spaced doses of praziqauntel against Schistosomahaematobium and S. mansoni and re-infection patterns in school-aged children in Niger. Acta Trop, 2013. 128(2): p. 334-344.
[25]
NavaratnamAM, S.-F. J., Stothard JR, Kabatereine NB, Fenwick A, Mutumba-Nakalembe MJ, Efficacy of praziquantel syrup versus crushed praziquantel tablets in the treatment of intestinal schistosomiasis in Ugandan preschool children, with observation on compliance and safety. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2012. 106(7): p. 400-407.
[26]
Keiser J, U. J., Antimalarials in the treatment of schistosomiasis. Curr Pharm Des, 2012. 18(24): p. 3531-3538.
[27]
Pavlin BI, K. P., Cetron MS, Acute pulmonary schistosomiasis in travelers: case report and review of the literature. Travel Med Infect Dis, 2012.
[28]
Capron, A., and J. P. Dessaint, Effector and regulatory mechanisms in immunity to schistosomes: a heuristic view. Annu. Rev. Immunol, 1985. 3: p. 455-476.
[29]
Xiao, S. H., J. Q. You, J. Y. Mei, and P. Y. Jiao, Early treatment of schistosomal infection with artemether and praziquantel in rabbits. Acta Trop, 1994. 15: p. 447-452.
[30]
Hou XY, M. D., Gray DJ, Balen J, Luo XS, He YK, A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of safety and efficacy of combined praziquantel and artemether treatment for acute schistosomiasis japonica in China. Bull World Health Organ, 2008. 86: p. 788-795.
[31]
Ferrari ML, C. P., Antunes CM, Tavares CA, da Cunha AS, Efficacy of oxamniquine and praziquantel in the treatment of Schistosomamansoni infection: a controlled trial. Bull World Health Organ, 2003. 81(3): p. 190-196.
[32]
Ross AG, M. D., Farrar J, Hunstman RJ, Gray DJ, Neuroschistosomiasis. J Neurol, 2012. 259: p. 22-32.
[33]
Miller MJ, R. E., Steroid therapy in chronic urinary schistosomiasis (bilharziasis). Can Med Assoc J, 1967. 97(11): p. 594-599.
[34]
Fowler R, L. C., Keystone JS, The role of corticosteroids in the treatment of cerebral schistosomiasis caused by Schistosomamansoni: case report and discussion. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 1999. 61(1): p. 47-50.
[35]
Wen-Long Wang, L.-J. S., Chuan-Xin Yu, BainianFeng, Synthesis and SAR Studies of Praziquantel Derivatives with Activity against Schistosomajaponicum. Molecules, 2013. 18: p. 9163-9178.
[36]
Sayed AA, S. A., Thomas CJ, Inglese J, Austin CP, Williams DL, Identification of oxadiazoles as new drug leads for the control of schistosomiasis. Nat Med, 2008. 14: p. 407-412.
[37]
Li-Jun Song, H. L., Wen-Hua Fan, BainianFeng, Oxadiazole-2-oxides may have other functional targets, in addition to SjTGR, through which they cause mortality in Schistosomajaponicum. Parasit Vectors, 2016. 9(26).
[38]
Driguez P, D. D., Loukas A, Felgner PL, McManus DP, Schistosomiasis vaccine discovery using immunomics. Parasit Vectors, 2010. 3: p. 4.
[39]
Hewitson JP, H. P., Mountford AP, Immunity induced by the radiation-attenuated schistosome vaccine. Parasite Immunol, 2005. 27: p. 271-280.
[40]
Stadecker, M. J., H. Asahi, E. Finger, H. J. Hernandez, L. I. Rutitzky, and J. Sun, The immunobiology of Th1 polarization in high-pathology schistosomiasis. Immunol. Rev, 2004. 201: p. 168-179.
[41]
Mentink-Kane, M. M., and T. A. Wynn, Opposing roles for IL-13 and IL-13 receptor alpha 2 in health and disease. Immunol. Rev, 2004. 202: p. 191-202.
[42]
Hagan P, B. U., Dunn D, Simpson AJG, Wilkins HA, Human IgE, IgG4 and resistance to reinfection with Schistosomahaematobium. Nature, 1991. 349: p. 243-245.
[43]
Demeure CE, R. P., Abel L, Ouattara M, Bourgeois A, Dessein AJ, Resistance to S. mansoni in humans: influence of IgE/IgG4 balance and IgG2 in immunity to reinfection after chemotherapy. J Infect Dis, 1993. 168: p. 1000-1008.
[44]
Akdis CA, B. T., Adkis M, Wuthrich B, Blaser K, Role of IL-10 in specific immunotherapy. J Clin Invest, 1998. 102: p. 98-106.
[45]
Riveau GJ, C. A., Vaccination against schistosomiasis: concepts and strategies. In: Kaufmann SHE. (ed) Concepts in Vaccine Design. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1996: p. 509-532.
[46]
Capron M, B. H., Joseph M, Capron A, Evidence for IgE-dependent cytotoxicity by rat eosinophils. J Immunol, 1981. 126: p. 1764-1768.
[47]
Trottein F, V. M., Bachet B, Crystallisation and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of a protective cloned 28 kDa GST from S. mansoni. J MolBiol, 1992. 224: p. 515-518.
[48]
McNair AT, D. C., Duvaux-Miret O, Capron A, Cloning and characterisation of the gene encoding the 28 kDa GST of S. mansoni. Gene, 1993. 124: p. 245-249.
[49]
Siddiqui AA, A. G., Damian RT, Kennedy RC, Experimental vaccines in animal models for schistosomiasis. Parasitol Res, 2008. 102: p. 825-833.
[50]
Wright, M. D., A. M. Melder, K. M. Davern, and G. F. Mitchell, Serologic reactivities of the 23-kDa integral membrane proteins of schistosomes. J. Immunol, 1991. 147: p. 4338-4342.
[51]
Bergquist, N. R., and D. G. Colley, Schistosomiasis vaccines: research and development. Parasitol. Today, 1998. 14: p. 99-104.
[52]
Da’Dara, A. A., P. J. Skelly, C. M. Walker, and D. A. Harn, A DNA-prime/protein-boost vaccination regimen enhances Th2 immune responses but not protection following Schistosomamansoni infection. Parasite Immunol, 2003. 25: p. 429-437.
[53]
Tran MH, P. M., Bethony JM, Smyth DJ, Jones MK, Duke M, Tetraspanins on the surface of Schistosomamansoni are protective antigens against schistosomiasis. Nat Med, 2006. 12: p. 835-840.
[54]
Gryseels, B., K. Polman, J. Clerinx, and L. Kestens, Human schistosomiasis. Lancet, 2006. 368: p. 1106-1118.
[55]
World Heath Organization, Schistosomiasis: number of people treated in 2010. WklyEpidemiol Rec, 2012. 87(4): p. 37-44.
[56]
Yang GJ, L. W., Sun L, Molluscicidal efficacies of different formulations of niclosamide: result of meta-analysis of Chinese literature. Parasit Vectors, 2010. 3: p. 84.
Open Science Scholarly Journals
Open Science is a peer-reviewed platform, the journals of which cover a wide range of academic disciplines and serve the world's research and scholarly communities. Upon acceptance, Open Science Journals will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download.
CONTACT US
Office Address:
228 Park Ave., S#45956, New York, NY 10003
Phone: +(001)(347)535 0661
E-mail:
LET'S GET IN TOUCH
Name
E-mail
Subject
Message
SEND MASSAGE
Copyright © 2013-, Open Science Publishers - All Rights Reserved