The Effect of Low Level He-Ne Laser on Spawning Behavior in Common Carp Fish Cyprinus carpio
[1]
Ladha Mohammed Abies, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.
[2]
Alaa Tareq Shakir Al-Hassnawi, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.
[3]
Moayed Jassim Al-Amari, Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq.
Background: A lot of research were conducted to stimulate spawning of fish by using exogenous hormone and recently some researcher tended to use low level laser in that purpose. Method: A total of 30 sample of female common carp fish Cyprinus carpio were exposed to Low level He-Ne laser of 632 nm for (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1 and 1.5Joule) only or with half dose of hormone and 20 sample injected with full dose of carp pituitary gland (control positive) only. Result: the spawning percentage were (66.6%, 66.6%, 100%, 33.3% and 66.6%) respective in laser plus hormone treatment and 33.3% in 0.1J only compared with 80% in control positive group. Conclusion: low level laser was safety to use in stimulating spawning of fish and the best result obtained from 0.5J + hormone treatment.
[1]
AL-Hilli, A. M. S., (2013), Use of Domperidone, Clomiphene, Dexamethazone and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in the hormonal induction of Common Carp and grass carp, thesis, Almusaib technical college, animal technical production, (85). (in arabic).
[2]
Arabacı, M., Ça, H., & Sarı, M. (2001). Induction of Spawning in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio ) Using LHRHa ([D-Ser (tBu ) 6, Pro 9 - NEt ] - LHRH ) Combined with Haloperidol : Effects of Different Treatment Time and Determination of Latency Period Dependence on Temperature. Hormones, 5, 1–5.
[3]
Baldry, I. (2000). Effect of Common Carp, 6(6), 1–8.
[4]
Breen, K. M., & Karsch, F. J. (2004). Does Cortisol Inhibit Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Secretion at the Hypothalamic or Pituitary Level? Endocrinology, 145(2), 692–698. http://doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-1114.
[5]
Brzuska, E. (2006). Artificial propagation of female Hungarian strain 7 carp (Cyprinus carpio) after treatment with carp pituitary homogenate, Ovopel or Dagin, 2006(3), 132–141.
[6]
Joensen, J. (2013). Biophysical and biological effects from infrared Low-Level-Laser-Therapy. PhD thesis, University of Bergen, (78).
[7]
Klenke, U. (2006), Gonadal and Ssteroid feedback regulation of the hypothalamus-pitutary axis in striped bass (Morone saxatilis), Dissertation, University of Maryland, 233.
[8]
Kusuma, P. S. W., Hariani, D., Mukti, A. T., Satyantini, W. H. (2008). The Restocking of Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Broodstock to usage of Laser Punktur Technology As Restocking of Massel Scale, 6(2), 139–146. (Indonesian).
[9]
Kusuma, P. S. W., & Mar, A. P. W. (2012). Mechanism of Gonadotropin Hormone Release in Catfish (Clarias Sp.) upon Laserpuncture Exposure to Reproduction Acupoint, (06), 177–182.
[10]
Mantayborbir, V., Fadjar, M., Mahendra, A. P. W., & Veteran, J. (2013). Exploration Laser punctures Exposure Effect on Reproductive Point to Increasing Number of Leydig cells Catfish (Clarias sp.), 3(6), 444–449.
[11]
Metwally, M. a a, & Fouad, I. M. (2008). Some Biochemical Changes Associated with Injection of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) with Oviaprim and Pregnyl for Induction of Artificial Spawning, 2(6), 320–326.
[12]
Norris, D. O. (2007). Vertebrate endocrinology. 4th edn., Elsevier Academic press, USA: 550 pp.
[13]
Oakley, A. E., Clifton, D. K., & Steiner, R. a. (2009). Kisspeptin signaling in the brain. Endocrine Reviews, 30(6), 713–743. http://doi.org/10.1210/er.2009-0005.
[14]
Podhorec, P., & Kouril, J. (2009). Induction of final oocyte maturation in Cyprinidae fish by hypothalamic factors: A review. Veterinarni Medicina, 54(3), 97–110.
[15]
Popesku, J. T., Martyniuk, C. J., Mennigen, J., Xiong, H., Zhang, D., Xia, X., … Trudeau, V. L. (2008). The goldfish (Carassius auratus) as a model for neuroendocrine signaling. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 293(1-2), 43–56.
[16]
Raber, J., O’Shea, R. D., Bloom, F. E., & Campbell, I. L. (1997). Modulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function by transgenic expression of interleukin-6 in the CNS of mice. The Journal of Neuroscience : The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 17(24), 9473–9480.
[17]
Ranney, S. H. (2008), Influence of feeding history on metabolic rates in fishes: evidence for metabolic compensation in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Msc thesis, South Dakota State University, (86).
[18]
Shaker, E. F., (2008), Acomparison of HCG hormone Utilization with Carp PG for the spawning of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), higher diploma, Almusaib technical college, animal technical production, (78). (in Arabic).
[19]
Sukumasavin, N., Sakulthong, S., & Sangthong, R. (2000). A Comparison of the Potency of Dopamine Antagonists on Spawning Induction in Thai Carp (Puntius gonionotus Bleeker). Fisheries (Bethesda), 247, 240 – 247.
[20]
Wang, G., & Industries, D. of L. and. (2004). Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), 1–36. http://doi.org/10.1117/12.584318.
[21]
Watanabe, M., Fukada, A., & Nabekura, J. (2014). The role of GABA in the regulation of GnRH neurons. Neuroscience Research,71(November),e267.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2011.07.1167.
[22]
Yaron, Z. (2011). Author’ s personal copy Endocrine Regulation of Fish Reproduction. Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology: From Genome to Environment (Vol. 2). Elsevier Inc. http://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-1237-4553-8.00058-7.
