Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Melastomastrum capitatum (Vahl) A. Fern. & R. Fern. (Melastomataceae) Leaf Methanol Extract
[1]
Ukwubile Cletus Anes, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba State, Nigeria.
[2]
Elsie Joseph Agabila, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic Bali, Taraba State, Nigeria.
Majority of the population around the world especially in Africa had always used medicinal plants as first source of health care to fight various diseases. Most of these medicinal plants may have scientific evidence to be considered in health care delivery. This present study was conducted in order to determine the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of leaf methanol extract of M .capitatum in invivo albino mice model. Acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction or writhing analgesic models in Swiss albino mice (weighing between 15-25g) were used for studying analgesic activity of the leaf extract. Doses 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight of the extract were administered intraperitoneally (i.p). The activity was compared with a standard reference drug ibuprofen B. P (200 mg/kg) and negative control. Results were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using ANOVA and compared at p≤0.05 significance level. In the acetic acid-induced writhing reflex model, M. capitatum extract and the reference drug significantly (P =0.01 to 0.05) decreased the mean total number of abdominal constriction in the mice in a dose dependent fashion. The percentage inhibition of the abdominal constriction reflex was increased dose dependently from 0% in the negative control group to 78.6% at the highest dose of 100mg/kg. Anti-inflammatory evaluation on the other hand against carrageenan-induced paw oedema in Swiss albino male mice showed also a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect with inhibition of 92.00 %when compared to that of the standard drug ibuprofen. The values obtained in both studies were not significantly different from that of the standard drug. The study showed that the M. capitatum was effective in pain reduction as well as an anti-inflammatory agent. The study showed that M. capitatum leaf extract demonstrated significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities than the standard drug mediated through peripheral pain mechanism.
Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, M. Capitatum, Acetic acid, Carrageenan
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