Stress Inducing Potentials of Various Macronutrients in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Different diets influence the regulation and response of different hormones and these hormones on the other hand are implicated in the prognosis of several health aliments. Of interest is the stress hormone-cortisol, which has been shown to connect with several health conditions such as obesity, diabetes and heart diseases. It is therefore the aim of this study to investigate and compares the cortisol inducing potentials of various single macronutrients in adult male Wistar rats. The study involves 20 rats randomly assigned to 4 groups. Group 1 serves as the control (fed on normal rat chow) while group 2, 3,and 4 served as test group I, II and III fed essentially single macronutrients of carbohydrate (70g boiled-dried yam+30g rat chow), fat (24ml palm oil+30g rat chow) and protein (70g cray-fish+30g rat chow) respectively. At the end of 6th weeks, blood sample was collected from each animals and serum cortisol was estimated using standard laboratory procedures. The results showed various single macronutrients to induced serum cortisol concentrations. Compared to the control (0.034±0.011ng/ml), the essentially protein diet (0.063±0.013ng/ml) had the greatest impact and then followed by carbohydrate diet (0.062±0.025ng/ml) and lastly the fat diet (0.054±0.028ng/ml). The difference in serum cortisol was not significantly different (p>0.05), however, strong negative correlations were observed in the various diets in relation to the control diet. This study therefore indicates that various single macronutrient may stimulate cortisol release and by inference may be implicated in the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndromes including obesity, diabetes and heart diseases.
Stress, Cortisol, Carbohydrate, Fat, Protein
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