Effects of Tramadol on Histopathological and Biochemical Parameters in Male Rabbits
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Obed Khalid Ali, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Al. Mustafa University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
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AL- Jmor Sara Ahmed, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Al. Mustafa University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
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Al-Graibawi Mawlood. A. A., Zoonotic diseases unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of different doses of tramadol hydrochloride (TH) on histopathological and biochemical changes in male rabbits. Fifteen healthy males local breed rabbits weighting 1.6 - 1.8 kg were distributed randomly and equally into three groups, housed under laboratory condition at the same room with natural light 1 dark cycle at 23 +3 ºC temperature, and given free access to commercial balanced diet and water ad libitum all over the experimental period. Group T1injected intramuscularly(i.m) with tramadol 10 mg/kg b.w for 15 days, while the T2 group injected i.m with tramadol 15mg/kg b.w for 15 days and the 3rd groups T3 is control inoculated with distilled water 1/M at the same period. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis of creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). After sacrificed the animals, liver and kidney samples were obtained and fixed in 10% buffered formalin, processed, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for histopathological changes. The histopathological examination showed cellular degeneration characterized by vacuolization in the endothelium cells of renal tubules of the kidney and degeneration and pyknotic of the hepatocyte nuclei in the liver of the tramadole administrated rabbits only. The biochemical assay revealed that administration of tramadol for 15 days increased serum creatinine, ALT, AST, and ALP in treated rabbits compared to the control. The maximum increases was recorded in group T2, administrated i.m with 15mg/kg tramadol. In conclusion the tramadol side effects should be avoided during long term therapy especially in large doses.
Tramadol Hydrochloride, Rabbits, Creatinine, ALT, AST, ALP
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