Tracking Manganese Ion Uptake and Transport by the Root System of Broad Bean Plants by Micro-Magnetic Resonance Imaging
[1]
Mika Koizumi, Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
[2]
Hiromi Kano, Oak-Hill Georgic Patch-Work Laboratory, Chiba, Japan.
The architecture and morphology of root systems were observed for broad bean plants in perlite, an artificial medium without paramagnetic materials, using a dedicated micro-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device equipped with a 1.0-Tesla (T) permanent magnet and a 30-mm solenoid coil detector. Three-dimensional (3D) volume-rendering images were useful for depicting root systems that were changed by interaction with the ground. Signal enhancement with absorbed paramagnetic manganese ion was tracked, and one function of plant roots, the transport of manganese ions in the primary root, was visualized by time-lapse imaging. Differential maximum intensity projection (MIP) images of root systems and differential sliced images perpendicular to the root axis were used to discern the relationship between the movement of manganese and individual root tissues. Manganese ions were transported through the xylem in the stele of the primary root; the rate of transport was fast at the root tips but decreased by half near the seeds. In order to obtain information for other functions, it may be necessary to cultivate proper plant materials, design sensitive detectors, and select suitable resolutions and measurement times, depending on the experiment goals.
Artificial Medium (Perlite), Broad Bean (Vicia faba), Ion Transport, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Manganese, Root Architecture
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