Studying Fantastic Structure of Persian Epic Stories
[1]
Vahideh Norouzzadeh Chegini, Center of Excellence in Wisdom Literature and Mystical Texts Studies, Isfahan, Iran.
[2]
Iran Abedi, The M. A Student of Library Information in Islamic Azad University, Iran.
Fantasy is a literary genre that was appeared on those societies being vanguards of new world. Fantasy means outgoing from reality, because fantasy permits person to build the world as he/she likes and has a world respondent to his will. In fact, using his/her fancy, human body could gratify his inabilities against nature and order his mind’s diffused pictures. In other words, myth and legend has been an important part of culture since the beginning. Literature began with these stories and fantasy literature is myth and legend created in more recent times. Fantasy has different types that one of the most important types is ‘heroic fantasy’. This kind of fantasy has been in human literature since very old times. The best example is Ferdowsi1’s Shahnameh2. “Hakīm Abu'l-Qāsim Firdowsī Tūsī” is considered as the greatest Persian poet. His work is Shahnameh) The Book of Kings (that belongs to world people. By introducing extravagant places and more extravagant characters such as Zahhak, White goblin (Div-e-Sepid), Roc and even some champions and heroes such as Rostam and Esfandyar. Ferdowsi has created quietly fantastic stories, that Shahnameh is one of the oldest in the field of fantasy. Now Shahnameh is taught in Persian schools and is studied its epic aspect but in this paper we attempt to identify fantastic world of Shahnameh and show Persian fantastic stories to children, their teachers and literary researchers that they know Shahnameh is a literary, artistic and historical masterpiece.
Fantasy, Heroic (Epic) Fantasy, Rostam’s Haft Khan (I. E. Seven Exploit), Invulnerableness of Esfandyar, Zahhak, Roc
[1]
Abadi Bavil, Mohammad. (2004) Religions in Shahnameh, Tabriz: Sotoudeh, first pub.
[2]
Aidanlou Sadjad, (2000)‘‘‘another narrative of Esfandyars invulnerableness in Shahnameh’’, Hasty maganize, winter, pages 95-106.
[3]
Alamdari ,Mahdi. (2004) the role of Fantasy on story literature: What is fantasy? Seif Narmafzar(seif software).
[4]
Anvari ,Hassan. (2002) Great discourse dictionary, vol.6, Tehran.Discourse.
[5]
Bahrami,Iraj. (2006) Invulnerableness and wizardry in myths,Tehran, Zavvar and Rajavand.
[6]
Brown Karol Linch and Karl M. (1998) ‘‘‘Tamlinson, New phantasy’’, Translator: Parnaz Nayeri, infants and teen’s research paper, no.13, fourth year.
[7]
Dadgi, Faranbagh. (2006) Bondahesh, Mehrdad Bahar (reporter), Tehran: Tous.
[8]
Dickinson, Peter. (1986) ‘‘‘Fantasy: The need for realism’’, Children‘s Literature in Education, Volume 17, Number 1, Pages 39-51.
[9]
Ferdowsi ,Abolghasem.(2002) complete text of Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh on the base of Shahnameh published at Moscow, Tehran: Peiman.
[10]
Ghaffari, Saied. (2000) A step on the literature of infants and teenagers, Tehran: Dabizesh.
[11]
Gooderham,David.(1995(‘‘‘Children's fantasy literature: Toward an anatomy’’, Children‘s Literature in Education, Volume 26, Number 3, Pages 171-183.
[12]
Hinlz John, Rossel. (2004) Knowing Iranian Myths, translated by Bajlan Farokhi, Tehran: Myths with the cooperation of International center of conversation of cultures.
[13]
Lavender, Ralph. (1981) ‘‘‘Other worlds: Myth and fantasy’’, 1970–1980, Children‘s Literature in Education, Volume 12, Number 3, Pages 140-150.
[14]
Mohammadi ,Mohammad. (1999) Fantasy on infants’ literature, Tehran: Rozgar.
[15]
Mokhtari ,Mohammad. (2000) the myth of Zal (crystallization of confliction and unification in national epic), Tehran: Tous.
[16]
Pourdavoud. Ebrahim. (1998) Yashts, Tehran: Myths.
[17]
Rastgar Fasaie, Mansour. (2000) Dragon in Myths, Tehran: Tous.
[18]
Rastgar Fasaie, Mansour.(1990) 21 sections about Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. Shiraz:Navid Shiraz.
[19]
Shamisa, Sirous. (1996) the literary kinds, Tehran: ferdous.
[20]
Tafazoli, Ahmad. (2006) Minouyeh Kherad, by attempt of Zhaleh Omouzgar, Tehran: Tous.
[21]
Yahagi, Mohammad Jaafar.(2007) dictionary of myths and stories, Tehran, Moaser dictionary.
